常见运动服面料洗后变色问题初探  

Discussion on discoloration of common sportswear fabrics after washing

作　　者：王家宏 简晓昀 林坤灵 陈琴清 谯莉 WANG Jiahong;JIAN Xiaoyun;LIN Kunling;CHEN Qinqing;QIAO Li(Shenzhen IMPAQ Testing Technology Co.,Ltd,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;ANTA Sports Products Limited,Jinjiang,Fujian 362212,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市英柏检测技术有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]安踏(中国)有限公司,福建晋江362212

出　　处：《中国纤检》2024年第4期40-43,共4页China Fiber Inspection

摘　　要：洗后变色是服装洗后外观考核的重要内容之一,直接影响消费者的日常穿用体验。洗后变色的严重程度,受面料成分、染料类型、染色工艺、洗涤条件等多方面因素的影响。在实验室的日常检测、比对和品牌的品质管控过程中发现,在同样测试条件下,部分服装及面料在不同地区实验室测试的洗后变色等级存在明显差异。本文通过对品牌不同供应商提供的139块常见运动服面料,分别在三级水和自来水条件下进行水洗测试,将得到的变色等级差异进行分析,研究试验用水、面料成分和染料类型对洗后变色问题的影响。试验结果表明,在同样的其他测试条件下,自来水洗涤的面料较三级水洗涤的面料有更高比例的变色问题和更重的变色程度;纯棉面料、以棉为主要成分的面料、以聚酯纤维为主要成分且含棉的面料和采用活性染料或分散染料+活性染料染色的面料,有更高的比例出现洗后变色问题。该成果对水洗测试国家标准方法及其试验用水水质要求的修订和完善,对品牌提升质量管控,都具有十分重要的参考意义。Color change after washing is one of the important aspects of clothing appearance assessment after washing,which di-rectly affects the daily wearing experience of consumers.The severity of color change after washing is influenced by multiple fac-tors,including fabric composition,dye type,dyeing process,and washing conditions.In the daily testing,comparison,and quality control processes in laboratories,it has been found that under the same testing conditions,there are significant differences in the color change level of some garments and fabrics tested in different regions.In this article,139 commonly used sportswear fabrics provided by different suppliers of a brand were subjected to water washing tests under typeⅢwater and tap water conditions,and the differences in color change levels were analyzed to study the impact of test water,fabric composition,and dye type on the problem of color change after washing.The test results showed that under the same testing conditions,the fabrics washed with tap water had a higher proportion of color change problems and a heavier degree of color change than the fabrics washed with type III water.Pure cotton fabrics,fabrics with cotton as the main component,and fabrics with polyester fibers as the main component but containing cotton,which were dyed with reactive dyes or disperse dyes combined with reactive dyes,had a higher proportion of color change problems after washing.This achievement is of great reference significance for the revision and improvement of the national standard method for water washing tests and the water quality requirements for test water,as well as for the quality control improvement ofbrands.

关 键 词：洗涤 洗后 变色 面料 

分 类 号：TS105[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]