中国区域间农业隐含水污染转移及责任分担  

Transfer of agricultural implied water pollution and responsibility sharing among regions in China

作　　者：陈传龙 邱联鸿 CHEN Chuanlong;QIU Lianhong(Tsinghua University Institute of National Governance and Global Governance,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,Party School of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee,Guangzhou 510053,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学国家治理与全球治理研究院,北京100084 [2]中共广东省委党校中国特色社会主义研究所,广州510053

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2024年第4期73-87,共15页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BJL081);国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CKS001)。

摘　　要：为厘清各方环境治理减排责任,实现农业水污染减排。基于中国31省份多区域投入产出模型,分别测算中国各省份基于生产者责任、消费者责任和收入者责任下的农业COD排放量,从区域和省份层面识别出农业水污染转移的主要路径,探讨中国各地区农业隐含水污染转移情况并提出水污染责任分配方案。研究表明:(1)农业COD存在明显的区域转移特征,在最终需求视角下,东北区域、中部区域和西北区域是三个最大的污染输出区域;在最初投入视角下,农业COD的转移主要发生在中部区域和东北区域等北方地区之间。(2)“黑龙江→广东”“河北→广东”和“辽宁→广东”是三条最大的消费侧农业COD净转移路径,“黑龙江→江苏”和“黑龙江→吉林”是两条最大的收入侧农业水污染净转移路径。(3)相较于方案A和B,方案C充分考虑作为收入者和消费者的污染责任,从整个生产链的角度更全面和科学地衡量了本地区应承担的水污染责任。建议使用科学的污染责任分配方案,加强区域间协调治理污染机制,强化不同类型地区的治理责任以减少水污染。In order to clarify the environmental governance and emission reduction responsibilities of all parties and realize the emission reduction of agricultural water pollution.Based on the multi regional input-output model of 31 provinces in China,the agricultural COD emissions of various provinces in China based on producer responsibility,consumer responsibility and income responsibility are calculated respectively,the main paths of agricultural water pollution transfer are identified from the regional and provincial levels,the transfer of agricultural implied water pollution in various regions in China is discussed,and the allocation scheme of water pollution responsibility is put forward.The results show that:(1)agricultural COD has obvious regional transfer characteristics.From the perspective of final demand,northeast region,central region and northwest region are the three largest pollution export regions;From the perspective of initial investment,the transfer of agricultural COD mainly occurs between the central region and the northeast and other northern regions.(2)"Heilongjiang→Guangdong","Hebei→Guangdong"and"Liaoning→Guangdong"are the three largest net transfer paths of agricultural COD on the consumption side,and"Heilongjiang→Jiangsu"and"Heilongjiang→Jilin"are the two largest net transfer paths of agricultural water pollution on the income side.(3)Compared with schemes A and B,scheme C fully considers the pollution responsibility of income earners and consumers,and measures the water pollution responsibility of the region more comprehensively and scientifically from the perspective of the whole production chain.It is suggested to use a scientific pollution responsibility allocation scheme,strengthen the inter regional coordination and pollution control mechanism,and strengthen the governance responsibilities of different types of regions to reduce water pollution.

关 键 词：农业水污染 多区域投入产出模型 隐含污染转移 污染责任 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济] F323.213