喀斯特山区相对贫困特征及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the characteristics and influencing factors of relative poverty in Karst Mountain Area

作　　者：张家硕 周忠发 朱昌丽 马国璇 牛子浩 ZHANG Jiashuo;ZHOU Zhongfa;ZHU Changli;MA Guoxuan;NIU Zihao(School of Geography and Environmental Science,Guiyang 550001,China;School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550001,China;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001 [3]贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵阳550001 [4]国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《世界地理研究》2024年第4期179-188,共10页World Regional Studies

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(41661088);贵州省哲学社科规划重点课题(21GZZD39);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划—“百”层次人才(黔科合平台人才〔2016〕5674)。

摘　　要：相对贫困是当前实现可持续发展目标重点关注的问题之一。研究从社会剥夺的视角,构建生活水平、可行能力和经济状况3个维度的相对贫困测度体系,对贵州省花江示范区581户农户的相对贫困进行了定量研究,分析其空间特征,并运用地理探测器探测影响贫困的地理要素,结果显示:①花江示范区相对贫困程度较深,贫富差距较大,相对贫困农户的生活水平和可行能力较差;②地处海拔高、坡度大、地形起伏度大的区域农户更容易陷入相对贫困;③地理探测器的交互作用探测显示各因子间有显著的交互作用,自然因素是影响相对贫困的主导力量,是相对贫困形成、发展及演化的基础,社会因素对相对贫困也具有一定影响。测度花江示范区相对贫困水平,探究其影响因素,这对于实现花江示范区区域可持续发展以及各国应对喀斯特山区相对贫困的难题具有较好的理论意义。Relative poverty is one of the issues that need to be tackled in global poverty reduction.Taking the Huajiang demonstration area in Guizhou Province in Southwest China as an example,the authors constructed a relative poverty measurement system with three dimensions of living standard,viability and economic status from the perspective of social deprivation,conducted a quantitative study on the relative poverty of a sample of 581 households in the Huajiang demonstration area,analysed the spatial characteristics of the relatively poor households,and detected the geographical factors affecting poverty.The results show that:(1)farmers living in locations with high altitude,large slope and undulating terrain are more likely to suffer from relative poverty;(2)natural factors are the dominant force affecting relative poverty,and are the basis for the formation,development and evolution of relative poverty,while social factors also have a certain influence on relative poverty.At the same time,the interaction detection of the Geographic Probe shows that there are significant interactions among the factors.Measuring the relative poverty level of the Huajiang demonstration area and each village group and exploring its influencing factors can provide theoretical references for improving the realisation of the sustainable development of the Huajiang demonstration area and for countries to tackle the challenges of relative poverty in karst mountains.

关 键 词：农村 相对贫困 空间分布 地理探测 喀斯特山区 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]