蒙西特厚煤层综放开采地表沉陷特性及机理研究  

Surface Subsidence Characteristics and Mechanism Research of Fully Mechanized Caving Mining in Mengxi Extra-thick Coal Seam

作　　者：汪骁 周大伟[1] 占喜林 周健 刁鑫鹏[1] 耿智江 翟海鹏 WANG Xiao;ZHOU Dawei;ZHAN Xilin;ZHOU Jian;DIAO Xinpeng;GENG Zhijiang;ZHAI Haipeng(School of Environment and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭技术》2024年第5期12-17,共6页Coal Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52104174);宁夏回族自治区重点项目(2022BEG03065)。

摘　　要：以准格尔煤田唐家会煤矿61101特厚煤层首采工作面为研究对象,采用地表实测与数值模拟相结合的方法进行研究,最终得到蒙西特厚煤层综放开采地表沉陷特征及机理。结果表明:①蒙西特厚煤层综放开采地表稳态下沉盆地边界角(64°)、移动角(78°)、主要影响角正切(2.3)偏大,盆地下沉主要集中在开采边界范围内,盆地边界陡峭收敛速度快,盆地边界至工作面边界距离约为0.5倍采深,盆地影响范围较小。②开采过程中下沉速度与变形值较大,活跃期最大下沉速度达到58 mm/d,地表最大下沉值达到5.2 m,但下沉系数偏小为0.25,大量开采空间仍存储于地下空间,未能传递到地表完成释放。③沉陷特性是由覆岩较软产生“双梁”支撑与综放开采影响剧烈裂隙不能得到充分压实共同导致。研究成果可以丰富西部开采沉陷经验,为类似开采条件下的矿区生态环境治理及生产方案提供参考。Taking the first mining face of 61101 extra-thick coal seam in Tangjiahui coal mine of Junger coalfield as the research object,the surface subsidence characteristics and mechanism of fully mechanized caving mining in Mengxi extra-thick coal seam were finally obtained by using the method of combining surface measurement and numerical simulation.The results show that:①The surface steady-state subsidence basin boundary angle(64°),movement angle(78°)and main influence angle tangent(2.3)are too large in the fully mechanized caving mining of extra-thick coal seams in Mengxi,and the basin subsidence is mainly concentrated within the mining boundary range.The basin boundary is steep and the convergence speed is fast,the distance from the basin boundary to the working face boundary is about 0.5 times the mining depth,and the influence range of the basin is small.②During the mining process,the subsidence speed and deformation value are relatively large,the maximum subsidence speed during the active period reaches 58 mm/d,and the maximum surface subsidence value reaches 5.2 m,but the subsidence coefficient is too small at 0.25,and a large amount of mining space is still stored in the underground space,failed to pass to the surface to complete the release.③The subsidence characteristics are caused by the"double beam"support caused by the soft overlying rock and the severe cracks cannot be fully compacted due to the impact of fully mechanized caving mining.The research results can enrich the experience of mining subsidence in the west,and provide reference for ecological environment management and production plans in mining areas under similar mining conditions.

关 键 词：西部矿区 沉陷特性 数值模拟 变形机理 

分 类 号：TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]