闽东葡萄气候生产潜力及利用率研究  

Research on Climate Potential Productivity and Utilization of Grapes in Eastern Fujian

作　　者：陈小英 林巧灵 阮翠冰 魏泽平[2] CHEN Xiaoying;LIN Qiaoling;RUAN Cuibing;WEI Zeping(Ningde Meteorological Bureau,Ningde,Fujian 352100;Ningde Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Fu’an,Fujian 355003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省宁德市气象局,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德市农业科学研究所,福建福安355003

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第4期124-132,共9页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科学技术厅2021年星火计划项目“高山阳光玫瑰葡萄优质栽培技术示范”(2021s0065)

摘　　要：【目的】探明区域气候变化对葡萄气候生产潜力的影响,为高效利用区域气候资源、优化葡萄产业布局提供依据。【方法】利用1971-2020年闽东9个国家基本气象站气象资料、2000-2019年闽东葡萄面积、产量资料,采用作物生长动态统计模型法、线性趋势分析法、Manner-Kendall检验法等分析闽东葡萄光合、光温、气候生产潜力及气候资源利用率的时空分布特征。【结果】近50年闽东葡萄光合、光温、气候生产潜力分别为59 313.2 kg/hm^(2)、 37 965.1 kg/hm^(2)、 36 868.0 kg/hm2,气候倾向率分别为-87.7 kg/(hm^(2)·10a)、869.1 kg/(hm^(2)·10a)、1 046.7 kg/(hm^(2)·10a)。气候潜力于1999年发生突变后呈加速上升趋势;在空间分布上,东部沿海气候潜力高,西北部山区低,高低值中心分别在福安市和周宁县。气温、降水对生产潜力的削减幅度分别为33%~40%、2%~4%,温度订正系数平均为0.6,降水订正系数平均为1.0,气候生产潜力与温度、降水、日照的相关系数分别为0.71、-0.31、0.70;闽东气候资源利用率平均为46%,与单产、气候生产潜力的相关系数分别为0.72、0.55。【结论】闽东葡萄气候生产潜力东部沿海优于西北部山区,气温是对闽东葡萄气候生产潜力影响最大的因子,降水增多带来负效应。葡萄种植结构格局与气候生产潜力空间分布匹配较好,通过提高葡萄单产水平、加强葡萄园区小气候调节等措施,闽东葡萄气候生产潜力的利用仍有较大提升空间。【Objective】The impacts of regional climate changes on the climatic potential productivity of grapes were explored to provide a basis for efficiently utilizing regional climate resources and optimizing the layout of grape industry.【Method】Based on the meteorological data from nine national basic meteorological stations in Eastern Fujian from 1971 to 2020 and grape area and yield data in Eastern Fujian from^(2)000 to 2019,crop growth dynamic statistical model method,linear trend analysis method and Manner-Kendall test method were adopted to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of grape photosynthetic potential productivity,light and temperature potential productivity,climate potential productivity and climate resource utilization in Eastern Fujian.【Result】Over the past 50 years,the potential productivity of photosynthetic,light and temperature,and climate of grapes in Eastern Fujian were 59313.2 kg/hm^(2),37965.1 kg/hm^(2),and 36868.0 kg/hm^(2),with climate tendency rate of-87.7 kg/(hm^(2)•10a),869.1 kg/(hm^(2)•10a)and 1046.7 kg/(hm^(2)•10a),respectively.The climatic potential showed an accelerating upward trend after a mutation in 1999.Spatially,the climatic potential was high in the eastern coastal areas and low in the northwestern mountainous areas,with a high-value center in Fu’an City and a low-value center in Zhouning County.The decrease of temperature and precipitation on potential productivity was 33%-40%and 2%-4%,respectively.The average temperature correction coefficient and the average precipitation correction coefficient was 0.6 and 1.0,respectively.The correlation coefficients between climate potential productivity and temperature,precipitation,and sunshine duration were 0.71,-0.31,and 0.70,respectively.The average utilization of climate resources in Eastern Fujian was 46%,with correlation coefficients of 0.72 and 0.55 with yield per unit area and climate potential productivity,respectively.【Conclusion】The climate potential productivity of grapes in the easter

关 键 词：葡萄 光合生产潜力 光温生产潜力 气候生产潜力 气候资源利用率 闽东 

分 类 号：S162[农业科学—农业气象学]