东北黑土区不同侵蚀程度土壤入渗特征与模拟  

Soil infiltration characteristics and simulation of different eroded degrees in the black soil region of Northeast China

作　　者：李若凡 谢云 辛艳[3] 杨静怡 刘刚 蔺宏宏[1] LI Ruofan;XIE Yun;XIN Yan;YANG Jingyi;LIU Gang;LIN Honghong(Faculty of Geographic Sciences,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,100875,Beijing,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,100038,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京100875 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2024年第2期17-24,共8页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目课题“黑土农田侵蚀阻控原理及水土保持措施效应”(2021YFD1500705)。

摘　　要：土壤入渗与土壤侵蚀密切相关。研究黑土土壤入渗特征对于黑土土壤侵蚀预测与防护有重要作用。为探明不同侵蚀程度黑土的水分运移过程,采用室内土柱实验法观测并评价HYDRUS-1D模型在东北黑土区的适用性。其中,轻度侵蚀土壤表土层A层厚度和淀积层B层厚度分别为30和25 cm,中度侵蚀土壤A层和B层厚度分别为30和10 cm,重度侵蚀土壤A层和B层厚度分别为0和15 cm。结果表明:轻、中、重3种不同侵蚀程度土壤的稳定入渗率分别为0.16、0.25和0.72 cm/h,湿润锋运移速率为2.52、3.32和9.85 cm/h。由于黑土黏重特性,HYDRUS-1D模型在黑土区的适用性较低,轻、中度侵蚀土壤的稳定入渗率分别高估2.5倍和1.6倍,而重度侵蚀土壤的稳定入渗率低估0.4倍,其中中度侵蚀的土壤入渗的拟合结果相对较好,可为土壤水蚀过程模拟和水土流失治理提供基础依据。[Background]The black soil area in Northeast China is an important grain producing area in China.The problem of soil degradation caused by soil erosion in the black soil area is becoming more and more obvious.It is of great significance to study the infiltration characteristics of black soil with different degrees of erosion to control slope soil erosion.The application of HYDRUS-1D model is more extensive,and it is mostly concentrated in the arid area of Northwest China.Whether the model can simulate the infiltration of black soil needs further study or not.[Methods]The author collected black soil samples with slight,moderate and severe eroded degrees in the typical black soil area of Heshan Farm in Heilongjiang province,and determined the one-dimensional vertical infiltration process based on indoor soil column experiments.The black soil with different eroded degrees was determined according to the thickness of the black soil layer(layer A)and the thickness of the deposited layer(layer B).The HYDRUS-1D model was used to simulate soil infiltration.The simulation results were compared with the measured data,and the applicability of the model in the black soil area was evaluated by using Origin software.[Results]1)Firstly,the stable infiltration time of severe,moderate and slight eroded soil was 8,26 and 36 h,respectively,and the infiltration rate was 0.72,0.25 and 0.16 cm/h,respectively.The higher the degree of erosion,the greater the cumulative infiltration amount of soil in the same infiltration duration.2)Secondly,in terms of the change characteristics of the wetting front with time,the soil with slight,moderate and severe eroded degrees has a slower infiltration rate to the lower layer,and the wetting front migration rate slows down accordingly,and the average speed of the wetting front migration of the soil with three erosion degrees is:2.52,3.32 and 9.85 cm/h,respectively.3)Finally,there are some differences in the trend of soil moisture content with time in the infiltration process of the three soils.The s

关 键 词：土壤入渗 土柱实验 HYDRUS-1D 黑土 土壤侵蚀程度 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]