1~4周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜代谢能、粗蛋白质、钙和有效磷水平研究  

Dietary Optimal Metabolic Energy,Crude Protein,Calcium and Available Phosphorus Levels of Wuqin 10 Meat Ducks Aged from 1 to 4 Weeks

作　　者：余婕 杨宇 王丽霞 叶胜强 龚萍 麻燕明 周源 王定发 Yu Jie;Yang Yu;Wang Lixia;Ye Shengqiang;Gong Ping;Ma Yanming;Zhou Yuan;Wang Dingfa(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science,Wuhan 430208;Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction,Ministry of Education,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,武汉430208 [2]华中农业大学动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2024年第3期141-150,共10页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-42-48);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBA034);湖北省技术创新专项(2022BEC037)。

摘　　要：通过研究不同营养水平饲粮对1~4周龄“武禽10”肉鸭生长性能、体尺指标、血液生化指标和养分表观利用率的影响,确定1~4周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜代谢能(ME)、粗蛋白质(CP)、钙(Ca)和有效磷(AP)水平。选用1日龄“武禽10”肉鸭576只,随机分为9组,每组4个重复,每个重复16只实验鸭。采用4因素3水平L_(9)(3^(4))正交实验设计,设3个ME水平(11.7、12.1、12.5 MJ/kg)、3个CP水平(质量分数分别为18.5%、20.0%、21.5%)、3个Ca水平(质量分数分别为0.6%、0.8%、1.0%)和3个AP水平(质量分数分别为0.3%、0.4%、0.5%),共配制9种实验饲粮,开展饲养实验和代谢实验,实验期28 d。结果表明:1)随饲粮ME水平升高,1~4周龄肉鸭平均日增重(ADG)显著增加,料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05);随CP水平升高,1~4周龄肉鸭的平均日采食量(ADFI)、ADG和F/G均显著增加(P<0.05)。2)饲粮ME和CP水平均显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭的龙骨长、胸宽、半潜水长(P<0.05);饲粮Ca、AP水平均显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭的胫围(P<0.05)。3)饲粮ME和CP水平均显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭血清总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量(P<0.05);饲粮Ca水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭血清TP、Ca、尿酸(UA)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)含量(P<0.05);饲粮AP水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭血清Ca和P含量(P<0.05)。4)饲粮ME水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭对能量、CP、Ca和P的表观利用率(P<0.05);饲粮CP水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭对能量和CP的表观利用率(P<0.05);饲粮Ca水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭对能量和Ca的表观利用率(P<0.05);饲粮AP水平显著影响1~4周龄肉鸭对能量、CP和Ca的表观利用率(P<0.05)。在本实验条件下,综合考虑生长性能、体尺指标、血液生化指标等结果,1~4周龄“武禽10”肉鸭饲粮适宜ME、CP、Ca、AP水平分别为12.10 MJ/kg、20%、0.8%和0.5%。This experiment was aimed at investigating the effects of dietary formulations with different nutritional levels on growth performance,body size indexes,serum biochemical indexes and nutrient apparent availability,to determine the appropriate dietary metabolic energy(ME),crude protein(CP),calcium(Ca)and available phosphorus(AP)levels of Wuqin 10 meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks.A total of 576 Wuqin 10 meat ducks at 1 day of age were randomly divided into 9 groups with 4 replicates per group and 16 ducks per replicate.L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal experiment with 4 factors at 3 levels was conducted.The ducks were fed 9 kinds of experimental diets with different levels of ME(11.7,12.1,12.5 KJ/kg),CP(18.5%,20.0%,21.5%),Ca(0.6%,0.8%,1.0%)and AP(0.3%,0.4%and 0.5%).The feeding and metabolic experiment were carried out,lasting for 28 days.The results indicated that:1)with increasing ME levels of the diet,average daily gain(ADG)of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks was significantly increased,and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.05);with the increase of CP levels in diet,the average daily feed intake(ADFI),ADG and F/G of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks were considerably increased(P<0.05);2)dietary ME and CP levels remarkably affected the sternal length,chest width and semi diver of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks(P<0.05);the shank girth of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks were significantly affected by dietary Ca and AP levels(P<0.05);3)dietary levels of ME and CP prominently impacted the contents of total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)in serum of meat ducks(P<0.05);dietary Ca level had a significant effect on the contents of TP,Ca,uric acid(UA),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)in serum of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks(P<0.05);the level of AP in diet significantly affected the serum Ca and P contents of meat ducks aged from 1 to 4 weeks(P<0.05);4)dietary ME level remarkably impacted the apparent availability of energy,CP

关 键 词：肉鸭 代谢能 粗蛋白质 钙 有效磷 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]