对《重点管理外来入侵物种名录》中植物物种的解析与思考  

Analysis and reflection of plant species in the Key Management List of Invasive Alien Species

作　　者：李飞飞 郝强 崔夏 马金双 Li Feifei;Hao Qiang;Cui Xia;Ma Jinshuang(Beijing Botanical Garden,Beijing 100093,China;Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex situ Conservation,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市植物园管理处,北京100093 [2]植物迁地保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2024年第2期266-274,共9页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872645);北京市财政项目(11000022T000000440602)。

摘　　要：《重点管理外来入侵物种名录》(简称《重点名录2023》)于2023年1月1日起正式施行,该名录对我国外来入侵物种防控管理具有重要的指导作用。本文梳理了我国外来入侵物种名录修订背景及概况,比较了《重点名录2023》和其他名录中外来入侵植物物种的差异,并分析了《重点名录2023》中33种外来入侵植物的危害性和扩散程度。《重点名录2023》与4批“中国外来入侵物种名单”和《国家重点管理外来入侵物种名录(第一批)》中的植物物种重合度较高。33种外来入侵植物对我国生态、农业、林业、人畜健康均有严重危害,且扩散范围广,但仍有值得商榷的问题。本文详述了《重点名录2023》在分类争议和前期评估上存在的问题和缺口,并对我国外来入侵植物物种名录的动态调整和分类管理提出了思考和建议。The Key Management List of Invasive Alien Species(KMLIAS)was officially published on 1 January 2023,serving as an important reference for the prevention and control of IAS in China.To enhance the scientific rigor and objectivity of future revisions of the IAS list and strengthen the management capacity of IAS in China,we compiled and reviewed all existing IAS lists in China,conducted a comparative analysis to identify similarities and differences between the KMLIAS and other lists,and examined the impact and distribution of 33 invasive alien plants included in the KMLIAS.Analysis revealed a high degree of overlap in plant species between the KMLIAS and the List of Invasive Alien Species in China(all four editions)and List of Invasive Alien Species under National Key Management(first edition).The 33 invasive alien plants were found to be widely distributed,posing considerable harm to ecology,agriculture,forestry,human and animal health.However,issues such as taxonomic disputes and lack of assessment remain contentious.We propose several considerations and suggestions to improve the accuracy and objectivity of future list revisions and strengthen IAS control and management.

关 键 词：外来入侵植物 《重点管理外来入侵物种名录》 分类学研究 影响评估 风险分析 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]