进食障碍与完美主义(综述)  

Review of research on eating disorders and perfectionism

作　　者：陈诗蔚 陈珏[1] CHEN Shiwei;CHEN Jue(Mental Health Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,200030

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2024年第5期650-654,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目面上项目(编号:82071545);上海市卫生健康委员会面上项目(编号:202140092);上海申康医院发展中心(编号:SHDC12023122);医工交叉重点项目(编号:YG2022ZD026)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国进食障碍患者数量显著增加。进食障碍易对个体的身心健康造成不良影响,而完美主义被认为是引发和维持进食障碍的核心因素。本文对进食障碍与完美主义的概念、关系,以及完美主义的干预研究进行了梳理,旨在为进食障碍的临床治疗及预防工作提供帮助。通过综述可知,进食障碍患者在各项完美主义测量指标上的得分均高于正常对照组,且其完美主义水平与心理病理症状之间存在显著相关,多个进食障碍疾病模型将完美主义视为引发和维持进食障碍的核心因素之一。基于CBT的完美主义治疗性干预具有良好疗效,能显著降低进食障碍个体的完美主义水平、减少进食失调行为并改善抑郁、焦虑情绪。国内相关研究较少,主要集中在神经性厌食患者的完美主义与其病症相关性,暂时缺乏与暴食相关的完美主义研究,且在完美主义的多维测量和干预领域仍相对空白。In recent years,there has been a significant increase in the number of individuals with eating disorders in our country.Eating disorders can adversely affect an individual's physical and mental health,and perfectionism is considered a core factor in the onset and maintenance of these disorders.This paper reviews the concepts and relationships between eating disorders and perfectionism,as well as studies on interventions targeting perfectionism,with the aim of aiding clinical treatment and prevention efforts for eating disorders.The review reveals that individuals with eating disorders score higher on various measures of perfectionism compared to a normal control group.There is also a significant correlation between levels of perfectionism and psychological pathological symptoms.Several models of eating disorder diseases consider perfectionism as one of the core factors in the onset and maintenance of these disorders.Interventions based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy(CBT)targeting perfectionism have shown positive therapeutic effects,significantly reducing levels of perfectionism,decreasing disordered eating behaviors,and improving symptoms of depression and anxiety.Domestic research in this area is limited,primarily focusing on the correlation between perfectionism and symptoms in patients with anorexia nervosa.There is a lack of research related to binge eating and perfectionism,and the field of multidimensional measurement and intervention of perfectionism remains relatively unexplored.

关 键 词：进食障碍 完美主义 危险因素 心理干预 

分 类 号：R395.4[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.05[医药卫生—医学心理学]