聚合物修饰蛋白质的功能化及其应用  

Functionalization and Application of Polymer-Modified Proteins

作　　者：万江 张景泽 陈虹伶 沈含梅 王震 张春[1] Jiang Wan;Jingze Zhang;Honging Chen;Hanmei Shen;Zhen Wang;Chun Zhang(College of life science and technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院,武汉430000

出　　处：《化学进展》2024年第3期416-429,共14页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.22275062和No.22005110);大学生创新创业训练计划(No.S202310487273)资助。

摘　　要：蛋白质作为一类重要的生物大分子,由于其特殊的三维空间结构及高效的催化活性,在生物催化、药物递送以及分子成像等化工及医学领域有着广泛的应用。然而,由于其具有稳定性较低、免疫原性较强、有机溶剂中溶解性差等缺陷,应用受到限制。聚合物修饰是解决上述问题的重要方法之一,能够从多方面改善蛋白质的功能,扩展蛋白质的应用。从此角度出发,本综述聚焦于最新的研究,总结了利用聚合物修饰改善蛋白质稳定性和活性、免疫原性、溶解性、自组装的合成方法、原理、应用、现存问题及解决方法。在此基础上,分析了该策略在商业及临床转化过程中面临的挑战及发展趋势。As a kind of important biological macromolecules,proteins have been widely used in chemical and medical fields,such as biocatalysis,drug delivery,and molecular imaging due to their special three-dimensional spatial structure and high catalytic activity.However,there are a series of problems in the practical application of proteins.For example,proteins are easily inactivated in extreme environments.Protein drugs have strong immunogenicity in vivo,which leads to short half-life of drugs and causes adverse reactions in patients easily.Their low solubility in organic solvents limits their use in organic solvents.In order to solve the above problems,researchers have developed methods such as protein engineering and co-immobilization,but there are corresponding shortcomings.Polymer modification is one of the important methods,which can improve the properties of proteins from many aspects and expand the application of proteins.From this point of view,this review focuses on the latest research and classical literature on polymer-modified proteins,and introduces their ingenious modification methods to synthesize materials with excellent properties.The principle,practical application,existing problems and solutions of improving protein stability and activity,immunogenicity,solubility and self-assembly by polymer modification are summarized.On this basis,the challenges and possible development trends in the commercial and clinical translation of this strategy are analyzed.

关 键 词：蛋白质 聚合物修饰 稳定性和活性 免疫原性 溶解性 自组装 

分 类 号：Q51[生物学—生物化学] TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业] Q63