水中全氟和多氟烷基化合物的去除研究进展  

Research Progress on Removal of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Water

作　　者：汪利德 汪宝岩 张蕾 刘玉灿 Wang Lide;Wang Baoyan;Zhang Lei;Liu Yucan(China Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Ningxia Branch,Yinchuan 750001,China;College of Civil Engineering,Yantai University,Yantai 264005,China;Jinan Runyuan Construction Project Management Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]华设设计集团股份有限公司宁夏分公司,宁夏银川750001 [2]烟台大学土木工程学院,山东烟台264005 [3]济南润源建设项目管理有限公司,山东济南250000

出　　处：《市政技术》2024年第4期228-236,269,共10页Journal of Municipal Technology

摘　　要：全氟和多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)被广泛用于农业和杀虫剂,以及航空业的水性成膜泡沫(AFFFs)、润滑剂、表面活性剂、涂料添加剂和侵蚀抑制剂的制造等。近年来,不断有研究发现PFASs出现在土壤、饮用水、地下水、湖泊和海洋之中。传统的水处理工艺常用于处理难降解有机物,但部分工艺对PFASs去除能力有限。因此,对不同方法去除水中PFASs进行了综述,并对各种方法的优缺点及去除效率进行了汇总。简言之,物理方法操作简便、不产生多余反应副产物且经济效益高,但无法从根本上实现对水中PFASs的去除;生物降解可以实现完全降解,并且具有成本低、环保和可持续性等优点,但难以被应用到实际工程中,仍停留在实验室阶段;化学方法虽然可通过破坏C—F键实现对水中PFASs的有效去除,但成本相对过高,且可能生成毒性更强的氧化产物。Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are widely used in agriculture and pesticides,as well as the aviation industry in the manufacture of water-based film forming foams(AFFFs),lubricants,surfactants,coating additives,and erosion inhibitors.In recent years,a growing number of studies have found there're PFASs in soil.drinking water,groundwater,lakes and oceans.Traditional water treatment processes are often used to treat refractory organic matter.But some processes have limited removal capacity of PFASs.In this paper,different methods for removing PFASs from water are reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages and removal efficiency of each method are summarized.In short,the physical method is easy to operate,has no producing excess reaction by prod-ucts and high economic benefits.But it cannot fundamentally remove PFASs from water;Biodegradation can achieve complete degradation with advantage of costeffective,environmentally friendly and sustainable.But it is difficult to apply to engineering practice with only in the laboratory stage;Although PFASs in water can be effectively removed by breaking the carbon fluorine bond by the chemical method,it has too high cost and generate stronger toxic oxidation products.

关 键 词：PFASs 物理吸附法 生物降解法 高级氧化法 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]