财税激励政策、绿色技术创新与工业企业碳强度  

Fiscal and Tax Incentives,Green Technology Innovation and Carbon Intensity of Industrial Enterprises

作　　者：吕桁宇 马春爱[1] 汤桐 郝馥莹 LYU Hengyu;MA Chunai;TANG Tong;HAO Fuying(School of Economics and Management,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)经济管理学院,北京102249

出　　处：《统计与信息论坛》2024年第5期59-72,共14页Journal of Statistics and Information

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目“基于资源禀赋的北京制造企业技术创新驱动式转型升级路径研究”(22JJB016)。

摘　　要：“双碳”目标背景下,如何降低能源消耗量大、碳排放高的工业企业碳强度成为关键。财税激励政策作为引导绿色低碳发展的重要政策工具,是推进企业碳强度治理必不可少的组成部分。研究以政府补助与税收优惠两种典型财税激励政策为切入点,选取2016—2019年中国工业上市公司的1 461个样本观测值为研究对象,构建有调节的中介效应面板模型,对财税激励政策的碳强度治理机制展开实证分析。研究表明:财税激励政策能够显著降低工业企业碳强度,通过激励企业绿色技术创新产生碳强度治理效应;对两种财税激励政策组合效果检验表明,二者在激励企业绿色技术创新过程中发挥互补作用;从宏微观结合的路径研究需要出发检验高管政治关联影响作用发现,高管政治关联削弱财税激励政策对于绿色技术创新的激励作用。行业异质性分析表明,两种财税激励政策对高科技行业碳强度降低作用更强,对高碳行业碳强度影响作用不显著。研究结论对于完善财税激励政策、引导工业企业通过绿色技术创新降低碳强度具有重要意义,为2060年前实现碳中和目标提供实现路径。In the background of the“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”goals,reducing the carbon intensity of energy-intensive and high-carbon emitting industrial enterprises is crucial.As an important policy tool to guide green and low-carbon development,fiscal and tax incentives are an essential component of promoting carbon intensity governance in enterprises.The research uses government subsidies and tax incentives as typical fiscal and tax incentive policies,selects 1461 observations of industrial listed companies in China from 2016 to 2019 as the research object,constructs a moderated mediation panel model,and conducts empirical analysis on the carbon intensity governance mechanism of fiscal and tax incentive policies.The results show that,fiscal and tax incentive policies can significantly reduce the carbon intensity of industrial enterprises by stimulating green technology innovation;the combination effect test of the two fiscal and tax incentive policies shows that they play a complementary role in stimulating green technology innovation in enterprises.From the perspective of the combined macro and micro paths,it is found that the influence of executive political connections weakens the incentive effect of fiscal and tax incentive policies on green technology innovation.Industry heterogeneity analysis shows that the two fiscal and tax incentive policies have a stronger effect on reducing carbon intensity in high-tech industries,while their impact on carbon intensity in high-carbon industries is not significant.Based on the research conclusions,the following policy recommendations are put forward:First,the government should use fiscal and tax incentive policies such as government subsidies and tax incentives to moderately intervene in corporate production and operations,and pay attention to the“bridge”role of stimulating corporate green technology innovation in reducing carbon intensity;Second,through the simultaneous implementation of two fiscal incentive policies,government subsidies and tax incentives,g

关 键 词：财税激励政策 绿色技术创新 高管政治关联 碳强度 “双碳”目标 

分 类 号：F424[经济管理—产业经济]