柴达木盆地英雄岭页岩岩相特征及有利源储组合  

Lithofacies characteristics and favorable source rock-reservoir combination of Yingxiongling shale in Qaidam Basin

作　　者：邢浩婷 匡立春 伍坤宇 张静[2,3] 张娜 张梦麟 邓立本 陆振华 李亚锋 张庆辉 Xing Haoting;Kuang Lichun;Wu Kunyu;Zhang Jing;Zhang Na;Zhang Menglin;Deng Liben;Lu Zhenhua;Li Yafeng;Zhang Qinghui(College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing);Qinghai Key Laboratory of Plateau Saline Lake Basin Oil and Gas Geology;Research Institute of Exploration&Development,PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company;Chinese Petroleum Society)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院 [2]青海省高原咸化湖盆油气地质重点实验室 [3]中国石油青海油田公司勘探开发研究院 [4]中国石油学会

出　　处：《中国石油勘探》2024年第2期70-82,共13页China Petroleum Exploration

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司“十四五”前瞻性项目“柴达木盆地页岩油勘探开发理论与关键技术研究”(2021DJ1808);青海省科协中青年人才托举工程项目(2021QHSKXRCTJ06)。

摘　　要：柴达木盆地英雄岭页岩油具有良好的形成与富集条件,石油资源量可达44.5×10^(8) t,但英雄岭页岩油纵向分布厚度大(>1000m),页岩岩相及岩相组合变化较大,给页岩油的有效勘探开发带来了巨大挑战。以英雄岭页岩典型井柴2-4、柴906、柴12等12口井578m岩心为研究对象,开展岩石学、有机地球化学和储层特征分析。研究表明,英雄岭页岩混积特征明显,矿物组成以方解石、白云石和黏土矿物为主;沉积构造以厚度小于1cm的纹层为主。根据“二元”命名原则,可将研究区内页岩岩相划分为5类,包括纹层状灰云岩、纹层状云灰岩、层状灰云岩、层状云灰岩、纹层状黏土质页岩。通过对各类岩相有机地球化学和储集性能综合评价,认为纹层状云灰岩为最优烃源岩相类型,层状灰云岩为最优储层相类型,储集空间主要为白云石晶间孔。甜点综合评价结果和生产实践证实,层状灰云岩与纹层状云灰岩互层为最有利的源储组合模式,各甜点段平面上连通性较好,纵向上具有较强的非均质性。Yingxiongling shale in Qaidam Basin has favorable conditions for oil accumulation and enrichment,with oil resources of up to 44.5×10^(8) t.However,the shale has a vertical thickness of more than 1000 m and the shale lithofacies and lithofacies combinations vary greatly,which bring huge challenges to the effective exploration and development of shale oil.The core sections with a length of 578 m from 12 typical wells,including Chai 2-4,Chai 906,and Chai 12 are used to analyze the petrology,organic geochemistry,and reservoir characteristics of Yingxiongling shale.The results indicate that Yingxiongling shale shows distinct characteristics of mixed sediments,with the main mineral composition of calcite,dolomite,and clay minerals,and the sedimentary structure is dominated by laminae with a size of less than 1 cm.Based on the“binary”nomenclature,five types of shale lithofacies are subdivided in the study area,namely,laminated limy dolomite,laminated dolomitic limestone,layered limy dolostone,layered dolomitic limestone,and laminated argillaceous shale.The comprehensive evaluation results of organic geochemistry and reservoir performance of various types of lithofacies show that the laminated dolomitic limestone and the layered limy dolostone are the optimum lithofacies of source rock and reservoir,respectively,with the main reservoir space of dolomite intercrystal pores.The sweet spot comprehensive evaluation results and production performance have confirmed that the interbed of layered limy dolomite and laminated dolomitic limestone is the most favorable source rock-reservoir combination pattern,showing good connectivity among sweet spots in lateral and high heterogeneity in vertical.

关 键 词：英雄岭页岩油 岩相 烃源岩 储层 源储组合 

分 类 号：TE112.22[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]