基于层次分析法对二里头夏都遗址博物馆夯土墙病害的分析  

Damages to Rammed Earth Walls in Erlitou Site Museum of the Xia Capital:Analysis Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

作　　者：张帅 徐帆 Zhang Shuai;Xu Fan

机构地区：[1]二里头夏都遗址博物馆,洛阳471900

出　　处：《博物馆管理》2024年第1期60-67,共8页Museum Management

摘　　要：二里头夏都遗址博物馆馆体和景观墙运用了大量具有绿色环保、辨识度高等优势的生土建筑工艺。经历了近5年的运营后,由于施工工艺、人为破坏、化学侵蚀、生物病害等多种因素共同作用,博物馆夯土墙出现了不同程度的损坏。传统土建筑保护研究分析主要是对古遗址的病害机理进行研究,对现代博物馆特色墙体建筑的研究比较匮乏。本文采用多种研究方法,聚焦二里头夏都遗址博物馆夯土墙,并基于层次分析法对影响土墙病害的原因进行分析,认为主要因素是墙面裂缝、钢板腐蚀以及雨水冲刷。基于此,本文提出相应的管理措施,为类似问题的分析和处理提供思路。Raw earth technique, with advantage of being environmentally friendly and attractive in appearance, is used in large amount in main buildings and landscape walls of the Erlitou Site Museum. Damages to the walls were identified after four years of operation, due to several factors, such as constructing techniques, sabotage, chemical erosion and biological disease. Traditionally, research studies have been conducted on mechanism analysis of damages to ancient historical sites. There are not sufficient studies on the construction of the walls in modern museums. With multiple methods, this paper focuses on the rammed earth walls of the Erlitou Site Museum. After analysis based on Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), it is found that main reasons exist in cracks of the wall, corroded steel plates and attack by the rainwater. In this context, this paper proposes corresponding measures for the analysis and solution to similar problems.

关 键 词：博物馆 夯土墙 层析分析法 病害 保护 

分 类 号：TU-87[艺术—艺术设计]