通过固定门型钩准确测量液体表面张力系数  

Accurate measurement of liquid surface tension coefficient by fixing the door-shaped hook

作　　者：谢启扬 陈茜 葛艳婷 江芯乐 陈悦华 XIE Qiyang;CHEN Xi;GE Yanting;JIANG Xinle;CHEN Yuehua(College of Physics and Energy,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学物理与能源学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《实验室科学》2024年第2期39-42,共4页Laboratory Science

基　　金：福建省教育厅(A类)项目(项目编号:JAT200066)。

摘　　要：通常采用门型钩拉液膜法测量液体表面张力系数。这类测量方法要求门型钩严格对称,否则会导致液膜提前破裂,无法准确测量液体表面张力系数。另外,这类测量方法容易受外界干扰,引起液膜提前破裂,导致无法准确测量液体表面张力系数。提出了一种固定门型钩测量液体表面张力系数的方法。这种测量方法基于杠杆原理,利用电子秤测量表面张力,天平横梁作为杠杆,门型钩通过金属棒固定在天平横梁上。实验研究显示:这种测量方法不要求门型钩对称,不易受外界干扰,可以准确测量液体表面张力系数。这种测量方法采用转换法,通过测量质量变化测量表面张力。此外,通过改变杠杆两臂长度的比值可实现放大测量。The liquid surface tension coefficient is usually measured by using a door-shaped hook to pull the liquid film.This kind of measurement method requires the door-shaped hook to be strictly symmetric,otherwise it will cause the liquid film to rupture prematurely and therefore cannot accurately measure the liquid surface tension coefficient.Additionally,this kind of measurement method is susceptible to the external interference,causing the liquid film to rupture prematurely,which makes it impossible to accurately measure the liquid surface tension coefficient.Based on this,we propose a method for accurately measuring the liquid surface tension coefficient by fixing the door-shaped hook.The method is based on the principle of leverage and uses an electronic scale to measure the surface tension.Additionally,the crossbeam of balance is used as a lever,and the door-shaped hook is fixed on the crossbeam by a metal rod.Experimental researches show that this method does not require the door-shaped hook to be symmetrical,is not easily affected by external interference,and can accurately measure the liquid surface tension coefficient.This method uses the conversion method to measure the surface tension by measuring changes in mass.Furthermore,the magnification measurement is achieved by changing the ratio of the length of the two arms of the lever.

关 键 词：液体表面张力 杠杆原理 电子秤 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]