不同混作模式下施氮对花椒光合特性及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of nitrogen application on photosynthetic characteristics and nutrient absorption of Zanthoxylum bungeanum under different mixed cropping patterns

作　　者：李扬 谷战英[1,2,3] 冯楠可[1,2,3] 熊荟璇 邓黎明 卢雨析 罗彪 LI Yang;GU Zhanying;FENG Nanke;XIONG Huixuan;DENG Liming;LU Yuxi;LUO Biao;Forestry College(Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Cultivation and Protection,Ministry of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Key Laboratory of Non-wood Forest Breeding and Cultivation,State Forestry and Grassland Administration,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业和草原局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第1期159-167,共9页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2018YFD1000605);湖南省研究生教育创新工程和专业能力提升工程项目(〔2020〕41号);中南林业科技大学大学生科技创新项目(〔2020〕18号,〔2020〕73号,〔2020〕89号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为花椒生产实践提供参考。【方法】以2年生九叶青花椒为研究对象,采用2因素随机区组试验设计方法进行盆栽试验,设置3种种植模式(花椒-大豆、花椒-辣椒、花椒单作)和3个水平的施氮量(0、1.5、2.5 g/株),测定不同混作模式和施氮水平下花椒的干物质质量、光合指标及矿质养分含量。【结果】在3种种植模式中,施氮均能增加花椒干物质质量,在每株1.5 g施氮水平下,花椒-大豆混作能提高花椒的干物质质量。2种混作模式均会提高花椒的净光合速率,减少胞间CO_(2)浓度,增加叶绿素含量。在不施氮处理下,花椒-大豆混作模式和花椒-辣椒混作模式的花椒净光合速率比花椒单作分别增加了70.69%、59.28%。在每株0、1.5 g施氮水平下2种混作模式均降低了花椒胞间CO_(2)浓度。在3种氮素施用水平下,混作模式对花椒的气孔导度和蒸腾速率均无显著影响。在每株2.5 g施氮水平下,花椒-大豆混作模式和花椒-辣椒混作模式的叶绿素含量分别比花椒单作模式高了34.39%、42.81%。在花椒单作和花椒-大豆混作模式中,氮素水平对花椒总氮含量无显著影响。在花椒-辣椒混作模式中,每株2.5 g施氮水平的花椒总氮含量比不施氮处理增加了12.28%。在3种种植模式中,各氮素施用水平的总含磷量无显著差异。在单作模式中,氮素施用水平对总钾含量无显著影响。在花椒-大豆混作模式和花椒-辣椒混作模式中,施氮显著降低了花椒总钾含量。【结论】混作和施氮对花椒生长发育具有促进作用,其中花椒-大豆混作且每株施氮1.5 g时效果最佳。【Objective】Provide reference for the production practice of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.【Method】Taking 2-year-old Z.bungeanum as the research object,a pot experiment was carried out by using two-factor randomized block design method.Three planting patterns(Z.bungeanum-soybean,Z.bungeanum-capsicum,Z.bungeanum monoculture)and three levels of nitrogen application(0,1.5,2.5 g/plant)were set up.The dry matter mass,photosynthetic indexes and mineral nutrient content of Z.bungeanum under different mixed cropping patterns and nitrogen application levels were determined.【Result】In the three planting patterns,nitrogen application could increase the dry matter mass of Z.bungeanum.Under the nitrogen application level of 1.5 g per plant,the mixed cropping of Z.bungeanum-soybean could improve the dry matter mass of Z.bungeanum.The two mixed cropping patterns could increase the net photosynthetic rate of Z.bungeanum,reduce intercellular CO_(2) concentration and increase chlorophyll content.Under no nitrogen treatment,the net photosynthetic rate of Z.bungeanum-soybean mixed mode and Z.bungeanum-capsicum mixed mode increased by 70.69%and 59.28%,respectively,compared with that of Z.bungeanum monoculture.The two mixed cropping patterns reduced the intercellular CO_(2) concentration of Z.bungeanum under the nitrogen application levels of 0 and 1.5 g per plant.Under the three nitrogen application levels,the mixed cropping pattern had no significant effect on the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of Z.bungeanum.Under the nitrogen application level of 2.5 g per plant,the chlorophyll content of Z.bungeanum-soybean mixed cropping mode and Z.bungeanumr-capsicum mixed cropping mode was 34.39%and 42.81%higher than that of Z.bungeanum monoculture mode,respectively.In the pepper monoculture and pepper-soybean mixed cropping patterns,the nitrogen level had no significant effect on the total nitrogen content of Z.bungeanum.In the Z.bungeanum-capsicum mixed cropping mode,the total nitrogen content of Z.bungeanum at the nitrogen a

关 键 词：花椒 混作 施氮 光合特性 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学]