阿克苏地区9种苹果砧穗组合枝条的抗寒性评价  

Evaluation of cold resistance of 9 kinds of apple shoots combined with scion-rootstock in Aksu area

作　　者：庄星月 李文胜[2] 张颖慧 曾玉智 张振军 ZHUANG Xingyue;LI Wensheng;ZHANG Yinghui;ZENG Yuzhi;ZHANG Zhenjun(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Forestry Technology Extension Service Center of Aksu Region,Aksu 842008,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆阿克苏地区林业技术推广服务中心,新疆阿克苏842008

出　　处：《经济林研究》2024年第1期274-283,303,共11页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02033-1)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选阿克苏地区具有优良抗寒性的苹果砧穗组合。【方法】以阿克苏红旗坡农场TD-1/王林、八棱海棠/维纳斯黄金、八棱海棠/蜜脆、八棱海棠/新红1号、八棱海棠/爱妃、M9T337/爱妃、青砧/瑞雪、新疆野苹果/新红2号、新疆野苹果/新红1号各砧穗组合的1年生深度休眠期苹果枝条为试材,分别置于-15、-20、-25、-30、-35、-40℃低温下处理12 h,以4℃处理下的各砧穗组合枝条为对照,测定相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性蛋白含量、游离脯氨酸含量、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等生理指标。采用电导法结合Logistic方程计算各组合枝条的半致死温度。采用隶属函数法综合评价9种苹果砧穗组合枝条的抗寒性。【结果】随着处理温度的降低,9种苹果砧穗组合枝条的相对电导率呈“S”形曲线增加,青砧/瑞雪和八棱海棠/维纳斯黄金砧穗组合枝条的相对电导率显著高于其他组合;丙二醛含量呈双峰变化趋势,八棱海棠/维纳斯黄金砧穗组合枝条的丙二醛含量显著高于其他组合,峰值含量是4℃处理的4.2倍;可溶性蛋白含量、游离脯氨酸含量、CAT活性、POD活性、SOD活性基本呈现先升高后下降的趋势,并与相对电导率负相关,新疆野苹果/新红1号和新疆野苹果/新红2号砧穗组合枝条的平均可溶性蛋白含量显著高于其他组合,新疆野苹果/新红1号和八棱海棠/蜜脆砧穗组合枝条的游离脯氨酸含量平均值显著高于其他砧穗组合,新疆野苹果/新红2号砧穗组合枝条的CAT活性显著高于其他组合,峰值为4℃处理的5.9倍,新疆野苹果/新红2号和八棱海棠/新红1号砧穗组合枝条的POD活性均值显著高于其他组合,新疆野苹果/新红2号、八棱海棠/新红1号、新疆野苹果/新红1号和八棱海棠/蜜脆砧穗组合枝条的平均SOD活性显著高于其他组合,分别是4℃处理的3【Objective】To evaluate the cold resistance of 9 kinds of apple scion-rootstock combination,and to screen out the combination of scion-rootstock with excellent cold resistance,so as to provide the basis for the selection of apple’s excellent scion-rootstock combination in Aksu area.【Method】The 1-year deep dormant apple shoots of each anvil-ear combination of TD-1/Orin,Malus robusta/Venus gold,M.robusta/Honey Crisp,M.robusta/Xinhong 1,M.robusta/Envy,M9T337/Envy,Qingzhen/Ruixue,Malus sieversii/Xinhong 2 and M.sieversii/Xinhong 1 in Hongpo Farm were used as test materials.The branches were treated at-15,-20,-25,-30,-35 and-40℃for 12 h,and the contents of relative electrical conductivity,malondialdehyde(MDA),soluble protein and free proline(PRO)physiological indexes of catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities were measured at 4℃.The cold resistance of 9 kinds of apple branches combined with scion-rootstock was evaluated by the method of conductivity combined with Logistic equation and membership function.【Result】With the decrease of treatment temperature,the relative electrical conductivity of 9 kinds of apple rootstock-scion combination increased in an“S”shape curve,and the relative electrical conductivity of Qingzhen/Ruixue and M.robusta/Venus gold were significantly higher than other combinations.MDA showed a bimodal trend,and the content of MDA was significantly higher than that of other combinations,the peak content of MDA was 4.2 times that of CK.The activities of soluble protein,PRO,and protective enzymes CAT,POD and SOD basically increased first and then decreased,and were negatively correlated with the relative conductivity.The average soluble protein content of M.sieversii/Xinhong 1 and M.sieversii/Xinhong 2 was significantly higher than that of other combinations.The average PRO content of M.sieversii/Xinhong 1 and M.robusta/Honey Crisp was significantly higher than that of other anvil-spike combinations,the CAT content of M.sieversii/Xinhong 2 was significa

关 键 词：砧穗组合 苹果枝条 抗寒性 低温胁迫 半致死温度 隶属函数法 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]