基于稳定性同位素核酸探针技术的同化利用玉米秸秆碳微生物群落演替研究  

Microbial community succession of assimilating and utilizing straw-derived carbon based on DNA stable-isotope probing technique

作　　者：陈霄龙 郭腾飞 张倩[2] 岳克 张珂珂[1] 宋晓 丁世杰 张水清[1] 黄绍敏[1] CHEN Xiao-long;GUO Teng-fei;ZHANG Qian;YUE Ke;ZHANG Ke-ke;SONG Xiao;DING Shi-jie;ZHANG Shui-qing;HUANG Shao-min(Institute of Plant Nutrient and Environmental Resources,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第3期430-440,共11页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：河南省农业科学院自主创新基金项目(2023ZC037);国家自然科学基金项目(32202603);农田智慧施肥项目(20221805)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究秸秆分解过程中同化利用秸秆碳源的微生物生态演替过程,明确参与秸秆分解的主要微生物类群,为秸秆高效利用提供科学依据。[方法]采用^(13)C标记高丰度玉米秸秆。微宇宙室内培养试验的供试土壤为华北平原石灰性潮土。共设置3个处理:不添加秸秆(soil)、添加自然丰度秸秆(soil+^(12)C-straw)和添加13C标记秸秆(soil+^(13)C-straw)。培养30天时,结合同位素示踪与高通量测序等技术,测定秸秆添加对土壤有机碳的激发效应,分析利用秸秆碳源的细菌、真菌群落结构及其与土壤胞外酶活性的关系。[结果](1)秸秆添加显著提高了土壤CO^(2)排放,添加秸秆对土壤有机碳的激发效应在培养第1天达到峰值,土壤和秸秆CO^(2)排放比例均在培养第3天达到峰值。(2)整个培养时期共发现参与秸秆碳同化利用的细菌微生物操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTU_(s))238个,真菌OTU_(s)24个。细菌OTU_(s)主要属于细菌变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)与绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi),真菌OTU_(s)主要为子囊菌门中的粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)。(3)秸秆分解不同时期的微生物群落结构存在显著差异,在整个培养时期,以热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)与溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)为代表的7个细菌属快速响应秸秆添加,以假黄单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)与土生单胞菌属(Terrimonas)为代表的6个细菌属延迟响应;两个真菌属枝鼻菌属(Cladorrhinum)与葡萄穗霉属(Stachybotrys)表现为对秸秆添加的快速响应,新赤壳属(Neocosmospora)与unclassified_f_Halosphaeriaceae为延迟响应。(4)曼特尔分析表明,细菌热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)、溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)以及真菌裂壳菌属(Schizothecium)与碳氮转化相关土壤胞外酶活性呈显著正相关关系。[结论]外源秸秆添加对土壤有机碳产生正激发效应,显著增加了土壤CO^(2)�[Objectives]This study explored the microbial ecological succession of assimilating straw-derived carbon,identified the microbial taxa involved in the process of straw decomposition to provide a scientific basis for the efficient use of straw resources.[Methods]^(13)C straw was prepared firstly.A microcosm incubation experiment was performed using calcareous fluvo-aquic soil as the test soil.The three treatments were without straw addition,addition of^(12)C-straw,and addition of^(13)C straw in soil,and the incubation period lasted 30 days.Then isotopic tracing and high-throughput sequencing methods were used to investigate the priming effect of straw addition on soil organic carbon,and analysis the bacterial and fungal microbial communities that assimilating straw-derived carbon,and the soil extracellular enzymes activities.[Results](1)Straw addition significantly increased soil CO^(2)flux.The priming effect on soil native organic carbon reached peaks at the first day of incubation,and both the soil and straw-derived CO^(2)emission proportion reached peaks at day 3.(2)During the 30-day incubation period,a total of 238 bacterial OTUs and 24 fungal OTU_(s) were identified using straw-derived carbon.The bacteria OTUs were primarily existed in the bacterial phyla of Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi,and the fungal OTU_(s) were belong to class of Sordariomycetes within Ascomycota.(3)The microbial communities varied significantly over the straw decomposition process.Seven bacterial genera,especially Thermomonas and Lysobacter,respond rapidly to straw addition,and 6 bacterial genera,represented by Pseudoxanthomonas and Terrimonas,were identified as delayed responder.Similarly,fungi Cladorrhinum and Stachybotrys respond rapidly to straw addition,Neocosmospora and unclassified_f_Halosphaeriaceae were identified as delayed responder.(4)Mantel analysis showed that bacterial Thermomonas,Lysobacter,Chloroflexi and fungal Schizothecium were positively correlated with the activities of soil extracellul

关 键 词：^(13)C玉米秸秆 DNA稳定同位素核酸探针 微生物类群 群落演替 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]