不同水分条件下喷施锰肥对小麦叶片衰老的影响  

Effects of manganese fertilizer on wheat leaf senescence under different water conditions

作　　者：李永福 吕彩霞[1] 李娜 信会男 赖宁[1] 耿庆龙[1] 陈署晃[1] LI Yong-fu;LV Cai-xia;LI Na;XIN Hui-nan;LAI Ning;GENG Qing-long;CHEN Shu-huang(Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi Xinjiang 830091)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第2期164-172,共9页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆农业科学院自主培育项目(nkyzzkj-012);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200406);农业科技创新稳定支持项目(xjnkywdzc-2022002)。

摘　　要：干旱是制约小麦生产力的主要因素之一,为探究在不同土壤水分条件下锰对小麦叶片衰老的影响,采取室外盆栽试验的方法,设置3种土壤水分处理[正常水分为田间持水量的70%~75%(CK),中度缺水为田间持水量的50%~55%(MS),重度缺水为田间持水量的40%~45%(SS)]在孕穗-扬花期期间分别对小麦叶面喷施质量浓度为0%、0.2%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的MnSO4溶液,检测小麦叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量。拟合结果表明:两次喷施后小麦叶片MDA含量最低值在CK处理下对应的锰浓度分别为3.19和4.04 g/L,在MS和SS处理下仍为较低浓度值且小麦叶片MDA含量明显降低;POD活性最大时在MS处理下对应的锰浓度分别为5.13和4.30 g/L,在CK和SS处理下对应的锰浓度差异较大;两次喷施后SOD活性最大时在各处理下对应的锰浓度均在10 g/L以上且SOD活性均有所提升。喷施锰肥降低了小麦叶片MDA含量并提高了SOD和POD活性,能够对不同土壤水分条件下小麦叶片衰老起到一定延缓作用,但最适浓度却不相同。Drought is one of the main factors restricting wheat productivity and it is important to explore the effects of manganese on wheat leaf senescence under different soil water conditions.In an outdoor pot experiment,three levels of soil water treatments(CK:normal water,which was 70%-75%of the maximum field water capacity,MS:moderate water shortage,which was 50%-55%of the maximum field water capacity,SS:severe water shortage,which was 40%-45%of the maximum field water capacity)and five concentrations of MnSO4 solution(0%,0.2%,0.5%,1.0%,2.0%)spraying on wheat leaves during booting and flowering period were set up.The activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in wheat leaves were determined.The fitting results showed that the lowest MDA content in wheat leaves after two spraying treatments was 3.19 and 4.04 g/L under CK treatment respectively,which was still lower under MS and SS treatments and the MDA content in wheat leaves was significantly reduced.When POD activity reached its maximum,the corresponding manganese concentrations were 5.13 and 4.30 g/L under MS treatment respectively,and the corresponding manganese concentrations were significantly different under the CK and SS treatment.When SOD activity reached its maximum after two sprays,the corresponding manganese concentration was above 10 g/L and SOD activity was increased under each treatment.The application of manganese fertilizer reduced the MDA content of wheat leaves and increased the activities of SOD and POD,which could delay the senescence of wheat leaves under different soil water conditions,but the optimal concentration was different.

关 键 词：水分条件 小麦 锰 叶片衰老 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]