水氮耦合对饲用油菜干物质积累分配及产量的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Coupling on Dry Matter Accumulation,Distribution and Yield of Forage Rape

作　　者：陈志波 高山[1] 张锐 罗立新[4] 鲍蕊[1] CHEN Zhibo;GAO Shan;ZHANG Rui;LUO Lixin;BAO Rui(Agricultural College,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization Corps of Tarim Basin-National Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Co-constructed by Province and Ministry,Alar 843300,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Agricultural Development Center of the First Division and the Third Regiment of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Aksu 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用兵团重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,新疆阿拉尔843300 [3]塔里木大学园艺与林学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [4]新疆生产建设兵团第一师三团农发中心,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2024年第5期70-76,共7页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：兵团向南发展专项(2021AB022);新疆维吾尔自治区兵团林业推广项目(1221029)。

摘　　要：为促进新疆饲草高产优质及水肥科学管理,选用油菜品种华油杂62作为供试材料,进行不同的水氮耦合处理,分别设置3个不同灌水量,3000 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W1)、3750 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W2)和4500 m^(3)·hm^(-2)(W3),3个不同施纯氮梯度,121.5 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、142.2 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)和162.9 kg·hm^(-2)(N3),进行随机组合,共9个处理,对不同处理饲用油菜的干物质积累及分配进行分析,筛选出适合于新疆饲用油菜种植的最优水肥配比。结果表明,饲用油菜干物质积累随灌水量的增加而增加,高水高氮(W3N3)处理干物质积累较中水高氮(W2N3)、低水高氮(W1N3)处理增加了47.70%和108.62%,产量增加了9.77%和74.02%。在水分良好条件下,干物质积累与施氮量呈正相关,但在干旱胁迫下,干物质积累呈现先增后减的趋势。在干物质分配上随着生育期的推进茎秆生物量占比逐渐增加,叶片占比逐渐降低。说明本研究条件下在高水高氮的W3N3处理(灌水量4500 m^(3)·hm^(-2),施氮162.9 kg·hm^(-2))下更有利于饲用油菜干物质的积累,可以获得更多的生物量。In order to promote high-yield and high-quality forage and scientific management of water and fertilizer in Xinjiang.The Huayouza 62 variety of rapeseed was used as the test material to conduct different water-nitrogen coupling treatments.Three different irrigation levels were set:3000 m^(3)·ha^(-1)(W1),3750 m^(3)·ha-1(W2),and 4500 m^(3)·ha^(-1)(W3),three different nitrogen application gradients were set:121.5 kg·ha^(-1)(N1),142.2 kg·ha^(-1)(N2),and 162.9 kg·ha^(-1)(N3).Through random combination,nine treatments were carried out in total.The accumulation and distribution of dry matter in forage rape under different treatments were analyzed to select the optimal treatment most conducive to increased production of forage rape.The results showed that,the accumulation of dry matter in forage rape increased with the increase of irrigation amount.The accumulation of dry matter under the W3N3 treatment increased by 47.70%and 108.62%compared with the W2N3 treatment and W1N3 treatment,respectively,and the yield increased by 9.77%and 74.02%.Under good water conditions,dry matter accumulation was positively correlated with nitrogen application rate,but under drought stress,dry matter accumulation showed an increasing and then decreasing trend.In terms of dry matter distribution,the proportion of stem biomass increased gradually and the proportion of leaves decreased gradually with the progression of the growth period.It demonstrates that under the condition of this study,the high-water and high-nitrogen treatment of W3N3(4500 m^(3)·ha^(-1)and 162.9 kg·ha^(-1))is more conducive to dry matter accumulation of forage rape,through which more biomass can be obtained.

关 键 词：水氮耦合 饲用油菜 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S548[农业科学—作物学]