民国初年朝野关于三种国体构建方式的争论  

The Debates on the Three Kinds of Construction of State Systems during the Hongxian Period

作　　者：张仲民[1,2] Zhang Zhongmin

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,上海200433 [2]湖南大学杨度与近代中国研究中心

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（中国近代史）》2022年第11期34-46,共13页MODERN HISTORY OF CHINA

摘　　要：在袁世凯复辟帝制的过程中,筹安会率先提出民国国体未来应该变更为君主立宪体制的主张。针对该建议可能带来的列强不承认和引发国内动乱危险,外交官汪荣宝则提出民国立君或总统世袭两种国体选择与之竞争,并获得了政府内部诸多实务派官员的支持。但因这两种建议的不伦不类,故汪论遭到筹安会和时论激烈的批评,最终袁世凯决定采用君主立宪制作为之后中国的国体选项。然而由于护国运动的兴起,袁世凯不得已采取了原先被他抛弃的民国立君选项:对内称帝国和皇帝,对外仍保持民国与总统称谓。朝野关于这三种国体构建方式的争论在当时产生了很大影响,颇值得进行钩沉。In the process of Yuan Shikai launching the Restoration of Monarchy,Chou An Hui("筹安会")took the lead in proposing that the Republic of China should be changed into a constitutional monarchy in the future.Diplo-mat Wang Rongbao pointed out that the Republic of China should choose to compete with the nominal emperor or the president's hereditary state system,but was strongly criticized by Chou An Hui and the medias.Finally,Yuan Shikai decided to adopt the monarchy as the state system option of China in the future.At that time,the debates on these three kinds of state systems construction had great impacts,but they were rarely concerned by researchers.

关 键 词：筹安会 汪荣宝 总统世袭 民国立君 君主立宪 

分 类 号：K258.3[历史地理—历史学] D693[历史地理—中国史]