法国大学自治了吗?——新世纪法国扩大大学自主权的改革述评  

Are French Universities Really Autonomous?:Commentary on the French University Autonomy Reforms in the New Century

作　　者：刘淑华[1,2] 李默妍 Liu Shuhua;Li Moyan

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310028 [2]浙江大学国际教育研究中心,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（高等教育）》2022年第2期124-132,共9页

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“公立高等教育问责运行机制研究”(17BGL171)。

摘　　要：21世纪以来,面对高等教育财政危机、高等教育质量堪忧等窘况,在新公共管理思想的推动下,再加上博洛尼亚进程的同构性压力,法国政府启动了史上最为频繁的大学自治改革。在这场改革中,法国大学内部决策权力结构发生变化,大学的财政自主权、人事自主权和招生自主权有一定扩大,但是学术自主权却呈现缩小趋势。经历了这场改革,法国大学的治理模式发生了深刻变化:政府对大学调控的方式得以调整,外部利益相关者参与度增强,市场力量日益彰显,高校内部行政权力强化,学者学术自由程度降低。由此,在新的世纪,“中央政府集权+高校内部学者学术自治”的传统治理格局向着相反的方向发生了变化。大学作为一个整体扩大了自主权,但尚未实现理想意义上的自治。Since the new century,in face of the financial crisis and the worrying quality of higher education,and because of the promotion of new public management thought and the pressure of the Bologna Process,the French government has launched the most frequent university autonomy reforms in history.As a result of the reforms,French universities'internal governance structure has changed.University's financial autonomy,personnel autonomy as well as enrollment autonomy have expanded,but academic autonomy has tended to reduce.At present,the governance model of French universities presents five characteristics:the change of the government university relationship,the expansion of external stakeholders,the increasing market power,the strengthening of the internal administrative power of the university,and the reduction of academic freedom for the academic community.Overall,in the new century,the traditional governance pattern featured by"centralization of the central government+academic autonomy of scholars within university"has changed in the opposite direction.The university as a whole has expanded its autonomy but has not yet had the autonomy in the ideal sense.

关 键 词：法国 大学 自治 

分 类 号：G649.565[文化科学—高等教育学]