西宁市杨树腐烂病病原菌分离及杨树腐烂病菌的寄主范围和药剂敏感性测定  

Isolation of the Pathogenic Fungi of Populus Decay Disease in Xining City and Determination of the Host Range and Drug Sensitivity of the Populus Decay Disease

作　　者：刘媛媛[1] 马强[1] 张磊[1] 李正男 孙平平 Liu Yuanyuan;Ma Qiang;Zhang Lei;Li Zhengnan;Sun Pingping(Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2024年第5期119-125,129,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060594、31860540);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJZY21458、NJZY22521)。

摘　　要：对采自青海西宁市新疆杨(Populus alba var.pyramidalis)上的杨树腐烂病样品进行病原菌分离、致病性测定和病原鉴定。利用离体枝条接种法测定分离自青海(Cytospora chrysosperma QHYSFL6~8)和内蒙古呼和浩特(Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis YSFL1、Cytospora chrysosperma YSFL3、C.chrysosperma YSFL4-2)共6株杨树腐烂病菌对大紫李(Prunus salicina)、串枝红杏(P.armeniaca cv.Chuanzhihong)、金红苹果(Malus pumila cv.Jinhong)、海棠(M.spectabilis)和中华枸杞(Lycium chinense)枝条的致病性,并利用菌丝生长速率法测定其对苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑、吡唑醚菌酯、戊唑醇、咪鲜胺和多菌灵共6种化学药剂的敏感性。试验结果表明:从青海省西宁市感病的新疆杨上分离到3株致病菌,将其命名为QHYSFL6、QHYSFL7、QHYSFL8,形态学结合内转录间隔区(ITS)与β微管蛋白基因序列确定3株菌均为C.chrysosperma。供试的6株病原菌均可侵染大紫李和串枝红杏,但不能侵染金红苹果、海棠和中华枸杞。不同杨树腐烂病菌对待测药剂的敏感性差异明显,6种待测化学药剂对供试菌株均表现出一定的抑制活性,其中,苯醚甲环唑对6种病菌的抑制效果最好,EC_(50)值为1.1348×10^(-5)~6.4400×10^(-4)mg/L,可作为两地杨树腐烂病防治的首选药剂。Isolation,pathogenicity testing,and pathogen identification of Populus decay disease samples from Populus alba var.pyramidalis collected in Xining City,Qinghai Province.Six strains of Populus decay disease fungi were isolated from Qinghai(Cytospora chrysosperma QHYSFL6-8)and Hohhot,Inner Mongolia(Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis YSFL1,C.chrysosperma YSFL3,C.chrysosperma YSFL4-2)Populus trees using detached branch inoculation method.The pathogenicity of these fungi on stems of Prunus salicina,Prunus armeniaca cv.Chuanzhihong,Malus pumila cv.Jinhong,Malus spectabilis,and Lycium chinense was tested,and their sensitivity to six chemical agents,including difenoconazole,myclobutanil,pyraclostrobin,tebuconazole,prochloraz,and carbendazim,was determined using the mycelial growth rate method.The results showed that three pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased P.alba var.pyramidalis in Xining City,Qinghai Province,named QHYSFL6,QHYSFL7,and QHYSFL8.Morphological observations,together with ITS andβ-tubulin gene sequences,confirmed that all three strains were C.chrysosperma.All six strains of pathogens could infect P.salicina and P.armeniaca cv.Chuanzhihong,but could not infect M.pumila cv.Jinhong,M.spectabilis,or L.chinense.The sensitivity of different Populus decay fungi strains to the tested agents varied significantly,with all six agents showing inhibitory activity against the tested strains.Among them,difenoconazole exhibited the best inhibitory effect on the six strains,with an EC 50 value ranging from 1.1348×10^(-5)to 6.4400×10 L^(-1)mg/L,making it the preferred agent for Populus decay disease control in these two regions.

关 键 词：Cytospora chrysosperma Cryptosphaeria pullmanensis 苯醚甲环唑 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]