色彩对比度及信息密度对老年用户视觉搜索的影响  

Effects of Colour Contrast and Information Density on Visual Search by Older Users

作　　者：秦华 郭博文[1] 王中婷 冉令华 陈永权[3] 邹传瑜[3] 贺悦[3] QIN Hua;GUO Bowen;WANG Zhongting;RAN Linghua;CHEN Yongquan;ZOU Chuanyu;HE Yue(School of Mechanical-Electronic and Vehicle Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102616,China;Beijing Engineering Research Center of Monitoring for Construction Safety,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 102616,China;China National Institute of Standardization,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学机电与车辆工程学院,北京102616 [2]北京建筑大学北京建筑安全监测工程技术研究中心,北京102616 [3]中国标准化研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《工业工程》2024年第2期48-56,86,共10页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：中国标准化研究院院长基金资助项目(522022Y-9403);北京市社会科学基金资助项目(19GLB029)。

摘　　要：通过动态导向显示屏呈现就诊信息的医院逐年增多,而老年人群由于视觉功能逐渐衰退,在医院检索及识别动态导向分诊信息时经常出现困难。为提升老年用户观察动态导向信息界面的绩效,对影响老年用户视觉搜索绩效明显的色彩对比度及信息密度因素展开研究。基于医院动态分诊显示器界面及E-prime实验平台,以色彩对比度及信息密度作为自变量,对20位60岁以上的老年用户展开视觉搜索实验,采集不同自变量水平下的视觉搜索时间、视觉搜索正确率及清晰度、舒适度评价。结果表明,色彩对比度为13.7∶1时,老年用户的视觉搜索绩效及评价最佳,当数值上升至17.4∶1及21∶1时,绩效及评价开始显著下降,但仍优于8.7∶1水平。在研究选用的字体及显示器下,老年用户在0.46及0.55(5~6行)信息密度水平的视觉搜索绩效及评价结果显著优于其他水平,且0.74(8行)信息密度水平为适用于老年用户的最大信息密度设计。The growing use of dynamic interfaces for presenting medical information in hospitals has led to challenges for the elders with declining visual function,who frequently face difficulties in accessing and identifying dynamic directional triage information within healthcare settings.In order to improve the performance of elderly users in observing dynamically oriented information interfaces,a study is conducted on the factors of color contrast and information density that significantly affect the visual search performance of elderly users.Based on the hospital dynamic triage display interface and the E-prime experimental platform,visual search experiments are conducted on twenty elderly users(over 60 years old)by using color contrast and information density as independent variables.The data of visual search time,visual search correctness,clarity,and comfort ratings are collected at different levels of independent variables.Results show that the color contrast ratio of 13.7∶1 has the best visual search performance and evaluation of elderly users.However,when the value rises to 17.4∶1 and 21∶1,the performance and evaluation significantly decrease,but still better than the ratio of 8.7∶1.For the chosen font and display conditions,elderly users showed significantly better visual search performance and evaluation results at the 0.46 and 0.55(5-6 lines)information density levels compared with others levels.Furthermore,the 0.74(8 lines)information density level is found to be the maximum suitable density for elderly users.

关 键 词：动态导向信息界面 视觉搜索 色彩对比度 信息密度 老年用户 

分 类 号：F406.13[经济管理—产业经济] TB47[一般工业技术—工业设计] R197.39[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]