华南地区马拉色菌毛囊炎的流行病学研究:一项多中心研究  

The epidemiology of Malassezia folliculitis in South China:a multicenter study

作　　者：何小娟[1,2,3] 郑冬燕 吴维轩[1] 廖万清 左玉辉 李秋云 周怡彤 汤露露 黄国梅[7] 梁丽山 刘千龙 吴玲艳 韦丽娟[9] 韦珠荣 张建玲 彭智鹏 钟春明[12] 谭元清 吴国琼 李鑫垒 何绍 梁少光 梁明寰 陆兴山 谢治 曹存巍[1,2,4] 刘慧[1] HE Xiaojuan;ZHENG Dongyan;WU Weixuan;LIAO Wanqing;ZUO Yuhui;LI Qiuyun;ZHOU Yitong;TANG Lulu;HUANG Guomei;LIANG Lishan;LIU Qianlong;WU Lingyan;WEI Lijuan;WEI Zhurong;ZHANG Jianling;PENG Zhipeng;ZHONG Chunming;TAN Yuanqing;WU Guoqiong;LI Xinlei;HE Shao;LIANG Shaoguang;LIANG Minghuan;LU Xingshan;XIE Zhi;CAO Cunwei;LIU Hui(Department of Dermatology and Venereology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China;Guangxi Technology Innovation Cooperation Base of Mycosis Prevention and Control,Nanning 530021,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment,Nanning 530021,China;Fangchenggang Wanqing Institute of Mycosis Prevention and Control,Fangchenggang 538000,China;Guiping City People’s Hospital,Guiping 537200,China;Department of Dermatology,the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University,Guilin 541001,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530007,China;Baise City Dermatology Prevention and Treatment Hospital,Baise 533000,China;The Second Nanning People’s Hospital,Nanning 530031,China;Nanning Eighth People’s Hospital,Nanning 530003,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Workers’Hospital,Nanning 530213,China;Nanning Fourth People’s Hospital,Nanning 530023,China;Beiliu City People’s Hospital,Beiliu 537400,China;Yulin City Dermatology Hospital,Yulin 537000,China;Teng County People’s Hospital,Wuzhou 543300,China;Nanning Wuming District Gengchang Hospital,Nanning 530199,China;The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Nanning 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第一附属医院皮肤性病科,南宁530021 [2]广西真菌病防控科技创新合作基地,南宁530021 [3]广西艾滋病防治研究重点实验室,南宁530021 [4]防城港市万清皮肤病与真菌病防控研究院,防城港538000 [5]桂平市人民医院,桂平537200 [6]桂林医学院附属医院皮肤科,桂林541001 [7]广西医科大学第二附属医院,南宁530007 [8]百色市皮肤病防治院,百色533000 [9]南宁市第二人民医院,南宁530031 [10]南宁市第八人民医院,南宁530003 [11]广西壮族自治区工人医院,南宁530213 [12]南宁市第四人民医院,南宁530023 [13]北流市人民医院,北流537400 [14]玉林市皮肤病医院,玉林537000 [15]藤县人民医院,梧州543300 [16]南宁市武鸣区更昌医院,南宁530199 [17]广西壮族自治区人民医院,南宁530021

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2024年第4期489-494,共6页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFC2504805);广西创新研究团队项目(No.2020GXNSFGA238001);南宁市青秀区科技计划项目(No.2020016)。

摘　　要：目的:为了明确广西马拉色菌毛囊炎(MF)的流行病学特征及心理社会影响。方法:收集2022年9月至2023年8月广西14家医院诊治的MF患者,进行真菌学检查和菌种鉴定,同时采用问卷调查表进行易感因素和心理社会影响调查。结果:共收集219例患者,男女比例1.01∶1,主要发生在18~25岁,春、夏季节高发。面部是常见的受累部位。油性皮肤、多汗、痤疮和偏好辛辣食物患者所占比例均超过50%。80.4%患者认为学习、工作受到影响。半数以上的患者自觉焦虑、没有自信,并且女性显著多于男性(P<0.05)。最常见的病原体是合轴马拉色菌(35.4%),菌种分布在性别、身体部位和季节之间存在明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:MF的面部经常受到影响,油性皮肤、多汗、痤疮和饮食习惯是主要诱发因素,患者的生活质量、心理情绪不容忽视,合轴马拉色菌是本地区MF的优势菌种,菌种分布在性别、身体部位和季节之间存在较大差异。Objective:To define the epidemiological characteristics and psychosocial impact of Malassezia folliculitis(MF) in Guangxi.Methods:From September 2022 to August 2023,cases diagnosed with MF were collected for mycological examination and species identification in 14 hospitals in Guangxi,while predisposing factors and psychosocial effects were investigated using a questionnaire.Results:Among the 219 cases,the male-to-female ratio was 1.01:1,which mainly occurred in the age of 18-25 years,with a high incidence in spring and summer seasons.The face was a common site of involvement.The proportion of patients with oily skin,excessive sweating,acne and a preference for spicy food was over 50%.80.4% patients felt that their studies and work were affected.More than half of the patients felt anxious and had no self-confidence,and it was significantly more common in women than in men(P<0.05).The most common pathogen of MF was M.sympodialis(35.4%),and the distribution of different species varied considerably according to gender,body parts and seasons(P<0.05).Conclusion:The face is often affected by MF.Oily skin,excessive sweating,acne and dietary habits are the main predisposing factors.The quality of life and psychoemotional well-being in patients cannot be ignored.M.sympodialis is the predominant species of MF in this region,and the distribution of species varies considerably in terms of gender,body parts and seasons.

关 键 词：马拉色菌毛囊炎 临床特征 诱发因素 心理社会影响 菌种分布 

分 类 号：R756[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]