181例儿童免疫性血小板减少症病例资料分析  

Analysis of 181 cases of immune thrombocytopenia in children

作　　者：曹林娟 王玉红 白领柱 童格乐格 陈沙娜 尹文杰 CAO Linjuan;WANG Yuhong;BAI Lingzhu;Tongge Lege;CHEN Shana;YI Wenjie(Department of Hematology,Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Medical Hospital,Huhhot,Inner Mongolia,010065,)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区国际蒙医医院血液科,内蒙古呼和浩特010065

出　　处：《当代医学》2023年第30期56-59,共4页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析181例儿童免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)病例资料。方法选取2012年4月至2020年12月于内蒙古自治区国际蒙医医院治疗的181例ITP患儿作为研究对象。统计初诊不同血小板水平、出血症状的占比,比较不同性别不同年龄ITP患儿占比,比较ITP患儿不同性别、年龄、临床分期出血症状评分,ITP出血症状评分比较ITP患儿不同性别、年龄、临床分期的临床疗效,治疗后相关不良反应发生情况,包括库欣综合征、后循环缺血缺氧性脑病、肝肾功能损害、过敏性皮疹。结果ITP不同性别患儿0~3岁、4~6岁、7~14岁占比比较差异无统计学意义。181例患儿中,血小板计数<10×10^(9)/L占比52.49%,血小板计数在(10~20)×10^(9)/L占比31.49%血小板计数在(20~30)×10^(9)/L占比9.94%,血小板计数>30×10^(9)/L占比6.08%;皮肤淤点淤斑占比85.08%,鼻出血占比20.99%,口腔黏膜出血占比11.60%。不同性别、年龄、临床分期出血症状评分比较差异无统计学意义。不同年龄、临床分期患儿显效率、有效率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4~6、7~14岁患儿显效率、有效率均高于0~3岁患儿,持续性、慢性ITP患儿显效率、有效率均高于新诊断ITP患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关不良反应出现库欣综合征23例,后循环缺血缺氧性脑病1例,肝、肾功能损害4例,丙种球蛋白治疗后出现过敏性皮疹2例。结论4~6、7~14岁持续性、慢性ITP患儿临床症状显著,皮肤瘀点瘀斑出现最多,无内脏出血,值得临床借鉴。Objective The data of 181 children with immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)were analyzed.Methods 181 children with ITP who were treated in Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Medicine Hospital from April 2012 to December 2020 were selected as the study subjects.The proportion of ITP children with different genders and ages was compared,the bleeding symptom scores of ITP children with different genders,ages and clinical stages were compared,the clinical efficacy of ITP children with different genders,ages and clinical stages was compared,the occurrence of related adverse reactions after treatment,including Cushing's syndrome,posterior circulation hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,liver and kidney function damage,allergic rash.Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of ITP children aged 0-3 years,4-6 years and 7-14 years.Among the 181 cases,52.49%had platelet counts<10×10^(9)/L,31.49%had platelet counts of(10-20)×10^(9)/L,9.94%had platelet counts of(20-30)×10^(9)/L,6.08%had platelet counts>30×10^(9)/L,skin petechial plaque accounted for 85.08%;nose bleeding accounted for 20.99%,oral mucosal bleeding accounted for 11.60%.There was no significant difference in the score of bleeding symptom in different gender,age and clinical stage.There were significant differences in the efficacy and effective rate among children of different ages and clinical stages(P<0.05);the significant effi-ciency and effective rate of children aged 4-6 and 7-14 were higher than those aged 0-3,and the significant efficiency and effective rate of children with persistent and chronic ITP were higher than those with newly diagnosed ITP,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were 23 cases of Cushing's syndrome,1 case of posterior circulatory hypoxic encephalopathy,4 cases of hepatic and renal impairment,and 2 cases of allergic rash after gamma globulin treatment.Conclusion 4-6,7-14 years old persistent chronic ITP children with significant clinical symptoms,skin petechial ecchymosis appeared most,no in

关 键 词：儿童 免疫性血小板减少症 病例资料 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]