湘莲不同器官中常见重金属含量检测及富集特征分析  

Detection and enrichment characteristics analysis of common heavy metal content in different organs of Hunan lotus seed

作　　者：戴慧 赵文玉[2,3] 王建辉 贺湘怡[2] 龙潇 DAI Hui;ZHAO Wenyu;WANG Jianhui;HE Xiangyi;LONG Xiao(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;School of Food and Bioengineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;Hunan Aquatic Resources Food Processing Engineering Technology Research Center,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [3]国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [4]长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [5]湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第3期60-67,共8页Food and Machinery

基　　金：国家环境保护重金属污染监测重点实验室开放基金(编号:SKLMHM202111);湖南省教育厅重点项目(编号:20A032);湖南省水生资源食品加工工程技术研究中心开放基金(编号:2018KJY11)。

摘　　要：目的:了解湘莲种植区底泥及湘莲不同器官中常见重金属含量,进而探究湘莲各部位对重金属的富集转移特征。方法:以湖南省典型湘莲种植区为研究对象,通过ICP-OES检测底泥及湘莲不同器官中Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn含量;采用生物富集系数(BCF)和生物转移系数(TF)评价湘莲对重金属的富集转移特征。结果:底泥中Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni、Cu、Zn、Mn含量均值分别为0.73,176.28,40.48,27.61,28.07,95.57,311.68 mg/kg,与NY/T 391—2021限量值相比,Cd、Cr、Pb含量的超标率分别为100%,75%,10%。湘莲中7种重金属的最高富集器官:莲芯中为Cd、Cu、Zn,莲根中为Cr、Pb,去芯莲肉中为Ni,莲叶中为Mn,其含量均值分别为0.20,13.64,78.58,14.66,2.23,1.11,924.03 mg/kg。仅莲茎和莲叶中的BCF Mn均值>1,各器官中的TF Cu值均>1。结论:研究区以Cd污染相对严重;湘莲不同器官重金属含量不同,莲茎及莲叶对Mn有较强富集作用,Cu在湘莲内转移能力较强。Objective:The objective of this study is to investigate the heavy metal content in sediment and various organs of Hunan lotus seed in a planting area,as well as to explore the characteristics of heavy metal accumulation and transfer in Hunan lotus seed.Methods:A typical planting area in Hunan Province was selected for this research.The contents of Cd,Cr,Pb,Ni,Cu,Zn and Mn were measured using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.The bioconcentration factor(BCF)and transfer factor(TF)were used to evaluate the heavy metal accumulation and transfer ability of Hunan lotus seed.Results:The average content of Cd,Cr,Pb,Ni,Cu,Zn,and Mn in the sediment were 0.73,176.28,40.48,27.61,28.07,95.57 and 311.68 mg/kg,respectively.Compared with the limit values of NY/T 391—2021,the exceeding rates of Cd,Cr,and Pb content are 100%,75%,and 10%,respectively.The highest concentrations and contents of these 7 heavy metals were Cd,Cu and Zn in the lotus core,Cr and Pb in the root,Ni in the lotus-seed kernel and Mn in the leaves,with an average content of 0.20,13.64,78.58,14.66,2.23,1.11 and 924.03 mg/kg,respectively.The BCF Mn values for both stems and leaves exceeded 1.The TF Cu values for all organs were greater than 1.Conclusion:This study reveals that there is serious pollution from Cd within the study area.The content of heavy metals in different organs of Hunan lotus seed is different.Lotus stems and leaves has strong enrichment of Mn,and Cu had strong transfer ability in Hunan lotus seed.

关 键 词：湘莲 重金属污染 生物富集 生物转移 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]