卵母细胞培养技术的研究进展  

Research Progress in Oocyte Culture Technology

作　　者：万秋吟 杨天兰 王琼华 黄东晖[1] 李瑞 康家俊 WAN Qiuyin;YANG Tianlan;WANG Qionghua;HUANG Donghui;LI Rui;KANG Jiajun(Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,Lincang City Linxiang District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Lincang 677099,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院,武汉430030 [2]临沧市临翔区妇幼保健院妇产科,云南临沧677099

出　　处：《医学综述》2024年第10期1176-1183,共8页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：华中科技大学定点帮扶科研专项项目(5003519019)。

摘　　要：近年来,我国的不孕不育率不断升高,女性卵巢功能下降明显。卵母细胞体外培养是获取窦卵泡中未成熟的颗粒细胞-卵母细胞复合体进行体外成熟的一项技术,其在培养方式上可分为二维和三维培养,三维培养以海藻凝胶和纤维蛋白等材料构建培养环境,模拟卵母细胞的体内环境,成熟率较二维培养显著提高;在培养种类上可分为裸卵培养、颗粒细胞与卵母细胞共培养,共培养可以防止胚胎的阻滞并提高发育潜力。除卵母细胞分离培养外,还可应用卵巢组织进行体外培养,如原始卵泡体外激活,目前已有成功的临床应用案例,为卵巢早衰患者带来了希望。In recent years,the infertility rate in China has been increasing,and the ovarian function of women has decreased significantly.In vitro oocyte culture is a technique for acquiring the immature granulosa cell-oocyte complex in sinusoidal follicles for in vitro maturation,which by culture mode can be categorized into two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)cultures:3D culture uses materials like seaweed gel and fibrin to construct the culture environment,simulating the internal environment of oocytes,and the mature rate is significantly higher than that of 2D culture;by culture type can be categorized into naked egg culture,co-culture of granulosa cells and oocytes:co-culture can prevent embryo arrest and enhance developmental potential.In addition to oocyte isolation and culture,ovarian tissue can also be used for in vitro culture,such as in vitro activation of primitive follicles,which has been successfully used in clinical cases,providing hopes for the patients with premature ovarian failure.

关 键 词：不孕不育 卵母细胞培养 卵巢组织培养 卵母细胞分离 

分 类 号：R339.261[医药卫生—人体生理学]