基于体外产气法的不同种类菌糠肉牛日粮效果评价  

Evaluation of The Diet Effect of Different Types of Fungus Bran Beef Cattle Based on In Vitro Gas Production Method

作　　者：杜云龙 冯鑫 栾嘉明 杨东旭 金英海[1,2] 张敏[1,2] 耿春银[1,2] DU Yunlong;FENG Xin;LUAN Jiaming;YANG Dongxu;JIN Yinghai;ZHANG Min;GENG Chunyin(College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Jilin Yanji 133000,China;Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science&Technology Innovation,Ministry of Education,Yanbian University,Jilin Yanji 133002,China)

机构地区：[1]延边大学农学院,吉林延吉133000 [2]延边大学东北寒区肉牛科技创新教育部工程研究中心,吉林延吉133002

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第9期70-77,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：吉林省科技发展项目[20220202048NC、YDZJ202203CGZH042];国家自然科学基金项目[32060763、31660669];吉林省教育厅科学研究项目[JJKH20220542KJ]。

摘　　要：试验旨在通过体外产气法对用不同食用菌菌糠设计的低成本肉牛日粮配方进行效果评定。试验采用单因素试验设计,以不同种类菌糠全混合日粮(TMR)为发酵底物,设计对照(CON)、香菇、木耳、平菇、元蘑、白玉菇、榆黄蘑、羊肚菌、杏鲍菇处理,通过体外产气法,根据产气量、产气参数、发酵参数和营养物质体外消化率等指标,结合隶属函数进行综合分析。结果表明:①在发酵4~10 h时,CON产气量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);在发酵12~16 h时,木耳处理、白玉菇处理、榆黄蘑处理、羊肚菌处理产气量均显著低于CON(P<0.05);在发酵48 h时,木耳处理、元蘑处理、白玉菇处理、榆黄蘑处理、羊肚菌处理产气量均显著低于CON(P<0.05)。②除木耳处理和元蘑处理外,其他处理理论最大产气量均显著高于CON(P<0.05);除元蘑处理外,其他处理产气速率均显著低于CON(P<0.05)。③CON和杏鲍菇处理pH显著高于其他处理(P<0.05);各处理氨态氮(NH3-N)、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)和甲烷产量均无显著差异(P>0.05)。④除香菇处理和平菇处理外,其他处理可消化有机物(DOM)、有机物降解率(OMD)、代谢能(ME)值均显著低于CON(P<0.05)。⑤在体外发酵24 h时,除香菇处理和平菇处理外,其他各处理营养物质体外消化率均显著低于CON(P<0.05);在体外发酵48 h时,除香菇处理、平菇处理和杏鲍菇处理外,其他各处理营养物质体外消化率均显著低于CON(P<0.05)。综合分析认为,不同种菌糠肉牛日粮的瘤胃发酵参数和降解特性存在一定差异,其中香菇和平菇菌糠具有作为肉牛日粮的潜力。The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of different edible fungus bran beef cattle diet formula designed at the lowest cost by in vitro gas production method.The single factor experiment design was used,with different kinds of fungus bran total mixed rations(TMR)as fermentation substrate,control(CON),Lentinula edodes treatment,Auricularia auricula treatment,Pleuro⁃tus ostreatus treatment,Hohenbuehelia serotina treatment,Pleurotus ostreatus treatment,Pleurotus citrinopileatus treatment,Morchella esculenta treatment,Pleurotus eryngii treatment.Through in vitro gas production method,comprehensively analyzed according to gas production,gas production parameters,fermentation parameters and in vitro nutrient digestibility,combined with membership function.The results showed that:①At 4 to 10 h of fermentation,gas production in the CON was significantly higher than that in other treatments(P<0.05).At 12-16 h of fermentation,the gas production of Auricularia auricula treatment,Pleurotus ostreatus treatment,Pleuro⁃tus citrinopileatus treatment and Morchella esculenta treatment were significantly lower than the CON(P<0.05).At 48 h of fermentation,the gas production of Auricularia auricula treatment,Hohenbuehelia sero⁃tina treatment,Pleurotus ostreatus treatment,Pleurotus citrinopileatus treatment and Morchella esculenta treatment were significantly lower than those in the CON(P<0.05).②Except for Auricularia auricula treatment and Hohenbuehelia serotina treatment,the theoretical maximum gas production in other treatments was significantly higher than the CON(P<0.05).Except for Hohenbuehelia serotina treatment,the gas production rate in other treatments was significantly lower than the CON(P<0.05).③The pH in the CON and Pleurotus eryngii treatment were significantly higher than other treatmentss(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N),volatile fatty acids(VFA),and methane production among all treatments(P>0.05).④Except for Lentinula edodes treatment and Pleu

关 键 词：体外产气 菌糠 肉牛日粮 瘤胃发酵 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]