环境法典污染控制制度的二元结构与体系整合  

Dual Structure and System Integration of Pollution Control System in Environmental Code

作　　者：刘长兴[1] 柯泉 LIU Chang-xing;KE Quan(School of Law,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期103-112,共10页Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“地方立法检视--以广东省法规为例”(23FFXB014)

摘　　要：污染控制制度是环境法典的最主要内容,需要在现行污染防治单行法律法规的基础上进行体系化整合。现行立法分为两大基本类型,环境要素污染防治法围绕环境要素的污染排除进行制度设计,污染物质和能量污染防治法围绕污染物质和能量的减量和管制进行制度设计。在整合进入环境法典污染控制编时,两类污染防治制度的共通性制度要提炼出来进入污染控制编的基本规定,环境要素污染控制制度仍然围绕水、海洋、大气、土壤的污染控制展开,规定与环境要素相对应的具体污染控制制度。污染物质控制制度包括固体废物污染控制、有毒有害物质污染控制和放射性污染控制几个方面,应规定污染物质的全过程管控制度。能量污染控制制度以噪声污染控制为重心,振动、电磁辐射和光辐射污染控制应在法典中有基本规定。在协调不同类型污染控制制度的基础上,对现行污染防治规定进行归类、精简、合并、调整,并补充重要的污染控制规则,以完成环境法典污染控制编的制度设计和编排。The pollution control system is the most important element of the environmental code,and should be systematically integrated on the basis of the existing special laws and regulations for pollution prevention and control.Existing legislation can be divided into two basic types.Pollution prevention and control laws for environmental elements are designed around the exclusion of pollution from environmental elements,and pollution prevention and control laws for pollutants and energy are designed around the reduction and control of pollutants and energy.When integrated into the pollution control chapter of the environmental code,the common aspects of the two types of pollution prevention and control system should be summarized into the basic provisions of the chapter,while the pollution control system of environmental elements still centers around the pollution control of water,sea,air,and soil,providing for specific pollution control system corresponding to the environmental elements.Pollution control system of pollutants covers areas including pollution control of solid wastes,toxic and hazardous substances,and radioactive substances,in which the control system of pollutants in the whole process should be stipulated.Energy pollution control system with noise pollution control as the focus,vibration,electromagnetic radiation and light radiation pollution control should have basic provisions in the code.On the basis of coordinating different types of pollution control systems,the existing pollution control regulations should be categorized,streamlined,combined,adjusted,and supplemented with important pollution control rules to complete the design and arrangement of the pollution control chapter of the environmental code.

关 键 词：环境法典 污染控制 环境要素 污染物质 制度体系 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]