涤纶织物表面耐久超疏水涂层制备及其水油分离性能  

Preparation of durable superhydrophobic coatings on polyester fabric surfaces and its water-oil separation properties

作　　者：邵明军 蹇玉兰 唐唯 柴希娟[1] 万辉 解林坤[1] SHAO Mingjun;JIAN Yulan;TANG Wei;CHAI Xijuan;WAN Hui;XIE Linkun(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第4期142-150,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：云南省农业基础研究联合专项重点项目(202101BD070001-011);国家自然科学基金项目(31760184,31960297)。

摘　　要：针对超疏水织物的整理工艺相对复杂且常用含氟化合物有毒的问题,将甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)、氨水和无水乙醇以体积比为3∶50∶50混合后常温水解,采用浸渍法一步制备了耐久性超疏水涤纶织物。探讨了水解时间对织物表面润湿性及形貌的影响,对整理后织物的表观形貌、化学结构与元素组成、润湿性、断裂强力及涂层的稳定性和耐久性等进行分析与表征。结果表明:当水解时间为120 min整理的涤纶织物具有超疏水性,其静态水接触角为(150.6±0.9)°,滚动角为9°;与未整理涤纶织物相比,超疏水涤纶织物经向、纬向的抗拉强度分别提高了8.31%和11.61%,且经600 min超声波洗涤、10000次摩擦测试、24 h酸碱溶液浸泡及24 h紫外光老化测试后仍然保持超疏水性,具有较好的力学稳定性和环境耐久性;水解时间为90~210 min整理的涤纶织物,经5次水油分离循环测试其分离效率均在97.0%以上。该方法及工艺绿色高效,所制备的涤纶织物在水油分离、水体净化等领域具有潜在的应用前景和价值。Objective Superhydrophobic polyester fabrics have been widely used for the fields of self-cleaning and oil-water separation.However,the preparation methods for superhydrophobic fabrics usually involve complex processes and use of fluorine-containing compounds.Fabric finishes with nonfluorinated chemical coatings to attain durable water repellency have attracted broad attention in both academic and industry.This research aims to explore a green and efficient process for preparing durable superhydrophobic polyester fabrics with fluorine-free compounds.Method Polyester fabrics pretreated with oxygen plasma were finished by impregnation method using hydrolyzed solution of methyltrimethoxysilane(MTMS),ammonia water and anhydrous ethanol at the volume ratio of 3∶50∶50.The effect of solution hydrolyzed time on the surface wettability and morphology of the fabrics was analyzed by contact angle measurement and scanning electron microscopy.The surface elemental composition and chemical structure of the polyester fabrics before and after finishing were analyzed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and the mechanical properties,stabilities,durability and water-oil separation characteristics of the superhydrophobic polyester fabrics were evaluated.Results The pretreated polyester fabric by low temperature oxygen plasma was finished by MTMS solution with different hydrolytic times.The results showed that the surface of polyester fabric finished with MTMS presented different rough coatings at different hydrolytic times of MTMS solutions,and additional Si elements were found on the surface with the EDX observation.In FT-IR spectrum of the polyester fabric surface before and after MTMS finishing,it was showed that the bending and stretching vibration absorption peaks of Si—CH 3 appeared on the finished polyester fabric surface at 1262 and 779 cm-1 respectively,and the XPS test showed obviously signal peaks of Si 2p and Si 2p.The

关 键 词：涤纶织物 甲基三甲氧基硅烷 超疏水 耐久性 水油分离 

分 类 号：TS193[轻工技术与工程—纺织化学与染整工程]