北京公园绿地植物群落表面温度及温湿效应的空间变化  

Spatial variation of surface temperature and temperature-humidity effect of plant community in green space of park in Beijing

作　　者：陶薪宇 范舒欣 董丽 TAO Xinyu;FAN Shuxin;DONG Li(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University/Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment/National Flower Engineering and Technology Research Center,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院/城乡生态环境北京实验室/国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期377-384,共8页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(D171100007117001)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究植物群落表面温度和温湿度的空间变化规律以及相关影响因素,旨在为基于热环境调节的北京绿地建设与优化管理提供依据。【方法】采用移动观测法实地测定北京公园植物群落内部的表面温度及不同高度处的空气温度和相对湿度,探究不同类型群落表面温度和近地面、冠下、冠层内部的温湿效应的差异。【结果】不同类型群落的表面温度存在极显著差异,乔木高度、群落种植密度与表面温度呈显著负相关关系,群落郁闭度、天空可视因子、叶面积指数与表面温度呈极显著负相关关系。群落不同高度处的降温强度和增湿强度存在极显著差异。1.5、4.0 m处,不同类型群落的降温强度存在极显著差异;6.0 m处,不同类型群落的增湿强度存在极显著差异。不同高度处影响群落降温增湿能力的群落指标有所不同:郁闭度与1.5、2.5 m处的降温强度呈显著正相关关系,天空可视因子与1.5 m处的降温强度呈显著负相关关系;灌木高度、群落种植密度与1.5 m处的增湿强度分别呈极显著负相关和显著正相关关系。【结论】植物群落具有降温增湿的作用,不同高度处群落的表面温度和温湿度存在差异。【Objective】To investigate the influence of spatial variation and other factors on surface temperature,as well as temperature and humidity of plant communities,aiming to provide a basis for the construction and optimal management of green space in Beijing based on thermal environment regulation.【Method】Surface temperature as well as temperature and relative humidity at different heights inside the plant communities in Beijing parks were measured by mobile observation method to investigate the differences in surface temperature and temperature-humidity effect near the ground,under the canopy,and inside the canopy layer of different communities.【Result】Surface temperature varied extremely significantly among different types of communities.They were negatively correlated with tree height and planting density,and extremely negatively correlated with canopy density,sky visibility factor and leaf area index.There were highly significant differences in cooling intensity and humidification intensity at different heights,which exerted highly significant cooling intensity at 1.5 m and 4.0 m,and highly significant humidification intensity at 6.0 m.Furthermore,the community indicators affecting the cooling and humidifying ability of plant communities at different heights were various,with significant positive correlations between canopy density and cooling intensity at 1.5 m and 2.5 m,and significant negative correlation between sky visibility factor and cooling intensity at 1.5 m.Shrub height and planting density showed highly significant and significant positive correlations with intensity of humidification at 1.5 m,respectively.【Conclusion】Plant community has the function of cooling and humidifying,and the distribution of surface temperature and temperature and humidity within the community vary at different heights.

关 键 词：植物群落 降温增湿 垂直空间 表面温度 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学]