基于IHA-RVA法的黄河水文情势演变分析  

Analysis of the Evolution of Hydrological Regime of the Yellow River by IHA-RVA Method

作　　者：王保良 王鸿翔[1] 张海涛[2] 郝春沣[2] 仇亚琴[2] 牛存稳[2] WANG Baoliang;WANG Hongxiang;ZHANG Haitao;HAO Chunfeng;QIU Yaqin;NIU Cunwen(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450045 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第5期33-39,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52009140,52279030);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201105);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23ZX012)。

摘　　要：水文情势的自然波动是维系河流生态系统功能性及水文健康的关键。针对气候变化和人类活动造成黄河流域水文情势变化等问题,选取黄河干流代表性水文站(兰州站、龙门站、花园口站)1956—2020年逐日径流实测资料,采用Mann-Kendall和Pettitt检验方法,综合检验径流突变年份,利用生态水文指标变化范围法(IHA-RVA),定量评价黄河流域水文情势改变程度。结果表明:1)兰州站、龙门站、花园口站径流突变年份分别为1984年、1987年、1986年,且龙门站、花园口站控制流域内年均流量呈显著性减小趋势。2)兰州站年均90 d最小流量改变度最高,达83%;龙门站4月平均流量改变度最高,达-100%;花园口站流量平均增大(减小)率改变度最高,达-92%。3)兰州站、龙门站、花园口站整体水文改变度分别为34%、37%、51%,均属于中度改变。The natural fluctuation of hydrological regime is the key to maintaining the functionality and hydrological health of river ecosystems.Aiming at the change of hydrological regime in the Yellow River Basin caused by climate change and human activities,we selected daily runoff data from Lanzhou,Longmen and Huanyuankou stations(1956-2020),the representative hydrological stations in the Yellow River Basin and used the Mann-Kendall and Pettitt test methods to comprehensively evaluate the hydrological regime in the Yellow River Basin.The Mann-Kendall and Pettitt tests were used to quantitatively evaluate the extent of hydrological changes in the Yellow River Basin by using the eco-hydrological index range of change(IHA-RVA)method.The results show that a)the abrupt changes in runoff at Lanzhou,Longmen and Huayuankou stations occurred in 1984,1987 and 1986 respectively,and that the average annual flow in the control basin at Longmen and Huayuankou stations showed a significant decrease.b)The variation of the minimum annual discharge in Lanzhou Station during 90 days is the highest,reaching 83%.The average discharge of Longmen Station in April is the highest,reaching-100%.The average increase(decrease)rate of discharge at Huayuankou Station has the highest variation,reaching-92%.c)The overall hydrological alterations at Lanzhou,Longmen,and Huayuankou stations are 34%,37%and 51%respectively,which are all moderate.

关 键 词：MANN-KENDALL检验 水文情势 IHA-RVA 水文改变度 黄河 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]