城市水库溃坝耦合极端降雨前后模拟对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Urban Reservoir Dam Break Simulation Under Extreme Rainfall

作　　者：王建有[1] 张曼曼[1,2] 孙奔博 李振坤 WANG Jianyou;ZHANG Manman;SUN Benbo;LI Zhenkun(School of Water Conservancy and Transportation,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Kaifeng Water Conservancy Engineering Quality and Safety Center,Kaifeng 475000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学水利与交通学院,河南郑州450001 [2]开封市水利工程质量安全中心,河南开封475000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2024年第5期68-73,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2243244);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52209169)。

摘　　要：以探究城市上游水库溃坝耦合极端降雨及仅溃坝两种工况下洪水灾害程度的变化为目标,确定郑州市二七区、中原区、金水区及惠济区为研究区域,结合芝加哥雨型公式及长历时暴雨强度公式推求设计暴雨,依托“7·20郑州特大暴雨”实测数据推求研究区域产汇流特征,建立极端降雨与洪水过程的响应关系。在此基础上,以郑州市二七区尖岗水库为研究对象,构建两种工况下二维溃坝洪水演进模型,对水情信息进行对比分析。结果表明:相比于仅溃坝,降雨耦合溃坝工况下淹没范围更大,其中增加的淹没范围内各点的最大水深、流速、洪水严重性程度均处于较低等级。在河道两侧,两种工况下各等级水深、流速及洪水严重性淹没范围大致相同;地势较低的区域降雨耦合溃坝工况下淹没水深和流速增大较多,易涝点水深增加约0.6 m,选取断面水面线升高约1 m。With the objective of investigating the changes in flood hazard under two conditions before and after the extreme rainfall coupled with the upstream reservoir failure in the city,the Erqi,Zhongyuan,Jinshui and Huiji districts of Zhengzhou were identified as the study areas,and the design storm was derived by combining the Chicago rainfall type and long-duration rainfall intensity formulae.Based on the measured data of Zhengzhou heavy rain occurred on July 20,2021,the characteristics of runoff yield and convergence in the study area were deduced,and the response relationship between extreme rainfall and flood process was established.On this basis,a two-dimensional dam-break flood evolution model was built for the Jiangang Reservoir in Erqi District,Zhengzhou City,to compare and analyze the water regime under the two operating conditions.The results show that the inundation range under the rainfall-coupled dam-break condition is larger compared to dam-break only,where the maximum water depth and flow velocity at various points within the main increased inundation range are at a lower level.On both sides of the river,the inundation range of water depth,flow velocity and flood severity is roughly the same under the two working conditions.However,the inundation depth and flow velocity increase more under the condition of rainfall coupling dam failure in the low-lying study area,and the water depth of the water-prone point increases by about 0.6 m,and the water surface line of the selected section increases by about 1 m.

关 键 词：城市水库 溃坝耦合降雨 极端降雨 淹没水深 尖岗水库 郑州市 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]