燕麦饲喂条件下断奶马驹十二指肠、空肠和回肠内容物细菌丰度的比较研究  

Comparative study on bacterial abundance of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of weaned foals under oat feeding

作　　者：任斐儿 陈晖 黄新新 杨帆[1] 陈开旭 REN Feier;CHEN Hui;HUANG Xinxin;YANG Fan;CHEN Kaixu(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore Nutrition for Meat&Milk,College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆肉乳用草食动物营养重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第9期19-25,共7页China Feed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860649)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究燕麦饲喂条件下断奶马驹十二指肠、空肠和回肠内容物细菌丰度的变化,为通过营养方式调节肠道微生物,增强马驹肠道健康提供参考依据。选择出生日期和断奶日期相近、体重为(112.36±7.50)kg的哈萨克马公驹5匹,在相同的饲养管理和日粮营养水平条件下,进行为期60 d的饲养。于试验最后1 d进行屠宰,分别采集马驹十二指肠、空肠和回肠的内容物,利用16S r DNA高通量测序技术检测各肠段内容物细菌多样性。结果表明:(1)十二指肠、空肠和回肠内容物菌群中共有OTU为1389个,特有的OTU数量分别为360、318和249个,各肠段内容物菌群的Chao1、ACE、Shannon和Simpson指数无差异显著性(P>0.05);(2)马驹各肠段内容物10大优势菌门分别为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、螺旋菌门(Spirochaetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)、纤维杆菌门(Fibrobacteres)、软壁菌门(Tenericutes)、Melainabacteria和蓝藻(Cyanobacteria);10大优势菌科为毛螺旋菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)、链球菌科(Streptococcaceae)、未经确认的梭菌科(unidentified_Clostridiales)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、普雷沃氏菌科(Prevotellaceae)、巴斯德氏菌科(Pasteurellaceae)、理研菌科(Rikenellaceae)和明串珠菌科(Leuconostocaceae);10大优势菌属为乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、未经确认的肠杆菌属(unidentified_Enterobacteriaceae)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、乳球菌属(Lactococcus)、未经确认的梭菌属(unidentified_Clostridiales)、八叠球菌属(Sarcina)、柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter)、放线杆菌属(Actinobacillus)、魏斯氏菌属(Weissella)和未经确认的瘤胃球菌属(unidentified_Ruminococcaceae)。(3)除空肠内容物中普雷沃氏菌科高于回肠135.96%外(P<0.05),其余优势菌在门、科、属水平均无差异显著性(P>0.05)。(4)LEFThe purpose of the experiment was to explore the changes of bacterial abundance in duodenum,jejunum and ileum of weaned foals under oat feeding,so as to provide reference basis for regulating intestinal microorganisms and improving intestinal health of weaned foals.Five male Kazakh ponies with similar birth date and weaning date and weight of(112.36±7.50)kg were selected and reared for 60 days under the same feeding management and dietary nutrition level.The contents of duodenum,jejunum and ileum of foals were collected on the last day of the experiment,and the bacterial diversity of intestinal contents was detected by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that:(1)There were 1389 OTU in duodenum,jejunum and ileum,and 360,318,249 endemic OTU in duodenum,jejunum and ileum,respectively.There was no significant difference in Chao1,ACE,Shannon and Simpson index among different intestinal contents(P>0.05).(2)The 10 dominant phyla in the intestinal contents of foals were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Spirochaetes,Actinobacteria,Verrucomicrobia,Fibrobacteres,Tenericutes,Melainabacteria and Cyanobacteria.The 10 dominant families were Lachnospiraceae,Enterobacteriaceae,Streptococcaceae,unidentified_Clostridiales,Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotellaceae,Pasteurellaceae,Rikenellaceae and Leuconostocaceae.The 10 dominant genera were Lactobacillus,unidentified_Enterobacteriaceae,Streptococcus,Lactococcus,unidentified_Clostridiales,Sarcina,Citrobacter,Actinobacillus,Weissella and unid-entified_Ruminococcaceae.(3)Except that Prevodiaceae in jejunum content was higher than that in ileum(135.96%)(P<0.05),the other dominant bacteria had no significant difference in phylum,family and genus level(P>0.05).(4)In LEFSe analysis,there were 11 species of bacteria with significant differences among duodenum,jejunum and ileum.Among them,8 kinds of bacteria were significantly up-regulated in duodenum contents,1 species were significantly up-regulated in jejunum contents,2 species were significantly up-regula

关 键 词：哈萨克马 马驹 小肠肠段 细菌 多样性 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]