有机无机肥配施显著改善枣园土壤理化性质及金丝小枣产量和品质  

The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of jujube orchard soil and the yield and quality of Ziziphus jujuba cv.Jinsixiaozao

作　　者：张智英 张旺林 张连水 ZHANG Zhi-ying;ZHANG Wang-lin;ZHANG Lian-shui(Natural Resources and Planning and Construction Bureau of Bohai New Area,Cangzhou City,Cangzhou 061100,Hebei,China;Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei,China;Cangzhou Wangfa Biotechnology Institute Co.,Ltd.,Cangzhou 061001,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州渤海新区黄骅市自然资源和规划建设局,河北沧州061100 [2]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061001 [3]沧州旺发生物技术研究所有限公司,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第4期17-23,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省高层次人才资助项目(C20221146)。

摘　　要：设置单施化肥(T1)、单施有机肥(羊粪)(T2)、50%的有机肥氮与50%的化肥氮配施(T3)、不施肥对照(CK)4个处理,研究了不同施肥方式对枣园0~20 cm土壤理化性质及金丝小枣(Zizyphus jujuba cv.Jinsixiaozao)产量和品质的影响。结果表明,各施肥处理对枣园0~20 cm土壤的理化性质均有不同程度影响,与CK和T1相比,T3土壤容重、pH显著降低(P<0.05),土壤孔隙度、有机质含量、全氮、全磷、速效氮和速效磷的含量显著提高(P<0.05)。与CK和T1相比,T2和T3枣果外观品质改善明显,枣果纵径和横径显著增加(P<0.05),枣果可溶性总糖和VC含量也显著增加,坏果率下降。各施肥处理单果重和产量均显著高于CK,以T3枣果产量和纯收入最高,且显著高于T1(P<0.05)。由此可知,50%的有机肥氮与50%的化肥氮配施可有效改善土壤理化性质,能明显提高枣果产量、提升果品品质。Four treatments were set up,including single application of chemical fertilizer(T1),single application of organic fertilizer(sheep manure)(T2),combined application of 50%organic fertilizer nitrogen and 50%chemical fertilizer nitrogen(T3),and no fer⁃tilization control(CK).The effects of different fertilization methods on the physical and chemical properties of 0~20 cm soil in the ju⁃jube orchard and the yield and quality of Zizyphus jujuba cv.Jinsixiaozao were studied.The results showed that different fertilization treatments had different effects on the physical and chemical properties of 0~20 cm soil in the jujube orchard.Compared with CK and T1,the soil bulk density and pH of T3 decreased significantly(P<0.05),and the soil porosity,organic matter content,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and available phosphorus content of T3 increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with CK and T1,the appearance quality of jujube fruit in T2 and T3 was significantly improved,the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of jujube fruit treated with T2 and T3 were significantly increased(P<0.05),the content of total soluble sugar and VC in jujube fruit treated with T2 and T3 were also significantly increased,and the bad fruit rate of T2 and T3 was decreased.The single fruit weight and yield of each fertilization treatment were significantly higher than those of CK.The yield and net income of jujube fruit in T3 were the highest,and were significantly higher than those of T1(P<0.05).In conclusion,the combined application of 50%organic fertilizer ni⁃trogen and 50%chemical fertilizer nitrogen could effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and significantly en⁃hance the yield and quality of jujube fruit.

关 键 词：有机肥 无机肥 土壤理化性质 金丝小枣(Zizyphus jujuba cv.Jinsixiaozao) 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学] S147.34[农业科学—园艺学]