外源硒对蒲公英生长、生理特性及其硒含量的影响  

The effect of exogenous selenium on the growth,physiological characteristics and selenium content of dandelion

作　　者：孟祥龙 赵治国 林香君 宋晓倩 路祺[1] 唐中华[1] MENG Xiang-long;ZHAO Zhi-guo;LIN Xiang-jun;SONG Xiao-qian;LU Qi;TANG Zhong-hua(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学化学化工与资源利用学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2024年第4期106-111,135,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570520)。

摘　　要：为研究叶面喷施外源硒对蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.)生长和品质的影响,采用盆栽试验,分析叶面喷施不同浓度亚硒酸钠溶液(0、100、200、300、400μmol/L)对蒲公英生长、生理特性及其硒含量的影响。结果表明,随着喷施硒浓度的增大,蒲公英根长和鲜重等生长指标呈先升高后降低的趋势;与对照相比,施加200μmol/L亚硒酸钠可显著提高蒲公英光合作用速率和光化学反应效率,提高光合色素含量;施加200μmol/L亚硒酸钠时蒲公英叶片SOD和CAT活性最高,施加300μmol/L亚硒酸钠时POD活性最高(P<0.05)。施硒可有效提高蒲公英绿原酸、总黄酮和总多酚的含量,施加200μmol/L亚硒酸钠时总黄酮和总多酚的含量较对照分别提高49.73%、31.34%。施硒后蒲公英各部位硒含量显著提高,叶片和根系的硒含量随硒浓度的变化符合一元二次方程。蒲公英叶片对外源硒浓度的变化较敏感,是富硒的主要部位。研究认为,叶面喷施200μmol/L亚硒酸钠是培养富硒蒲公英的最佳浓度。In order to study the effect of foliar spraying of exogenous selenium on the growth and quality of dandelion,a pot experi⁃ment was used to spray dandelion leaves with different concentrations of sodium selenite solution(0,100,200,300,400μmol/L),the effects of selenium on dandelion growth,photosynthetic system,antioxidant enzyme system,active ingredients and selenium con⁃tent were analyzed.The results showed that,with the increase of spraying selenium concentration,growth indexes such as root length and fresh weight of dandelion showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Compared with the control,the application of 200μmol/L sodium selenite could significantly improve the photosynthesis rate and photochemical reaction efficiency of dandelion,and increase the content of photosynthetic pigments.The activities of SOD and CAT in dandelion leaves were the highest when the sele⁃nium concentration was 200μmol/L,and the activity of POD was the highest when the concentration of selenium was 300μmol/L(P<0.05).Selenium application could effectively increase the content of chlorogenic acids,total flavonoids and total polyphenols in dande⁃lion.Compared with the control,when the selenium concentration was 200μmol/L,the contents of total flavonoids and total polyphe⁃nols were significantly increased by 49.73%and 31.34%,respectively.The selenium content of dandelion increased significantly after selenium application,and the selenium content of leaves and roots and the amount of selenium application were in line with a quadrat⁃ic equation.Dandelion leaves were sensitive to changes in exogenous selenium concentration and were the main part of selenium en⁃richment.The study concluded that foliar application of 200μmol/L sodium selenite was the best concentration for culturing seleniumenriched dandelion.

关 键 词：硒 蒲公英(Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.) 生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S647[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q945.78[农业科学—园艺学]