三叶唇鱼消化系统的组织学观察  

Histology of the digestive system in Cheilinus trilobatus

作　　者：王永波 高进 陈傅晓 刘金叶 谭围 符书源 WANG Yongbo;GAO Jin;CHEN Fuxiao;LIU Jinye;TAN Wei;FU Shuyuan(Key Laboratory ofUtilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources of Ministry ofEducation,Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute ofHainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya Hainan 572025,China;Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Seafarming,Hainan Academy ofOcean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]热带海洋生物资源利用与保护教育部重点实验室,海南热带海洋学院崖州湾创新研究院,海南三亚572025 [2]海南省热带海水养殖工程技术研究中心,海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海口571126

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2024年第2期228-236,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2023XDNY037);海南省本级部门预算项目(QCY2021-33)。

摘　　要：为研究三叶唇鱼(Cheilinus trilobatus)消化系统组织特征,采用组织切片技术,对三叶唇鱼消化系统进行组织学观察。结果发现:三叶唇鱼消化道由口咽腔、食道、小肠和直肠构成。口咽腔内颌齿和咽齿发达,颌齿单行排列,1对上咽齿呈三角形左右对称分布,下咽齿由颗粒状齿愈合而成,呈“T”型;肠道短粗,在体腔内形成一个弯曲,呈“之”型排列,比肠长0.32±0.11;消化腺由肝胰脏和胆囊构成,肝脏分成3片,中间大、两边小,包裹在小肠上,胰脏沿肝血管呈弥散状分布在肝脏组织内部,胆囊呈椭圆型,位于肝腹叶下部,肝总管在小肠前部紧挨食道后与小肠连通,比肝胰脏重(1.43±0.32)%。口咽腔壁光滑,粘膜层主要由复层扁平细胞组成,表层有少量杯状细胞,中间有圆形粘液细胞,表层分布有味蕾。食道由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜层组成,粘膜层由二级和三级指状突起构成,基部有“凹”型类似外分泌腺的结构;肌层特别发达,由外环肌和内纵肌组成,纵肌层呈不连续束状分布,外包一层浆膜,与粘膜下层分界不明显,两肌层间可见肌间神经丛分布。小肠和直肠均由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜层组成,粘膜层多为一级和二级指状突起,由单层柱状上皮细胞组成,中间分布有大量粘液细胞,偶见梨状细胞,未见肠腺;粘膜下层含有大量被伊红染成红色的嗜酸性颗粒细胞;肌层由内层环肌和外层纵肌等两层平滑肌组成,肌层间含有少量疏松结缔组织,其间可见肌间神经丛,最外侧由一层浆膜层组成。研究通过阐明三叶唇鱼消化系统组织学特征,可为开展肉食性无胃鱼类营养学及养殖学研究提供基础数据。Cheilinus trilobatus is a species of family Labridae with significant economic value in tropical sea.In this paper,the structural characteristics of the digestive tract of C.trilobatus are discussed,as well as the relationship between its organizational characteristics and feeding habits.The digestive tract of C.trilobatus consists of oralpharyngeal cavity,esophagus,small intestine,and rectum.The oralpharyngeal cavity is the initial part of the digestive tract and consists of uniseriate jaw teeth and a pharyngeal tooth.These teeth are tough and strong,enabling C.trilobatus to crush the hard shells of crustaceans and mollusks.Moreover,it has one pair of epiglottis teeth,triangularly shaped from left to right and symmetrically distributed.In additional,its hypopharyngeal teeth are healed by granular teeth in a“T”shape and the gut is short and thick with zigzag pattern in body cavity.Based on observation and measurement,we find that the average ratio between the length of intestine and the body length is 0.32±0.11.The digestive gland consists of the hepatopancreas and gallbladder.The liver with dispersed pancreas is divided into three pieces,large in the middle and small on both sides,which are wrapped around the small intestine.The gallbladder is elliptical in shape and located in the lower ventral lobe of the liver.The common hepatic duct is in the anterior part of the small intestine after the esophagus and connected to the small intestine and the average ratio between the weight of the liver and pancreas(1.43±0.32)%.As the oropharyngeal cavity,the wall of the cavity is smooth and composed mainly of mucosal layer.The surface layer of the wall contains taste buds and a small number of cupshaped cells.The mucosal layer is composed of compound flat cells,and the oropharyngeal cavity has a welldeveloped muscular layer that consists of an outer circular muscle and an inner longitudinal muscle.The longitudinal layer is discontinuous and fasciculated,and the muscle layer is covered with a layer of plasma membrane.

关 键 词：三叶唇鱼 组织学 消化道 消化腺 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]