安徽省阜阳市地区新生儿眼底病变筛查流行病学现状  

Epidemiological status of neonatal fundus disease screening in Fuyang city,Anhui province

作　　者：朱俊卿 王静 李忠民 陈祖凤 Zhu Junqing;Wang Jing;Li Zhongmin;Chen Zufeng(Department of Ophthalmology,Fuyang Women and Children's Hospital,Fuyang 236000,China)

机构地区：[1]阜阳市妇女儿童医院眼科,236000

出　　处：《临床眼科杂志》2024年第2期158-161,共4页Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

基　　金：阜阳师范大学自然科学研究项目[医学专项(2020YXZX06ZD)];2023年度阜阳市卫生健康委科研项目(FY2023-113)。

摘　　要：目的探讨安徽省阜阳市地区新生儿眼底病变筛查流行病学现状。方法横断面研究。选取2020年1月至2023年1月安徽省阜阳市地区出生的20156例新生儿为研究对象。利用新生儿数字化广域眼底成像系统RetCam3对所有新生儿开展眼底检查,分析眼底病变情况;并收集所有新生儿性别、出生孕周等基本资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析新生儿眼底病变的危险因素。结果20156例新生儿中共有3064例发生眼底病变,检出率为15.20%。其中视网膜出血有1794例,检出率为8.90%,早产儿视网膜病变675例,检出率为3.35%,视网膜周边白色病灶188例,检出率为0.93%,眼底渗出143例,检出率为0.71%,其他264例,检出率为1.31%。单因素结果显示,胎龄、分娩方式、新生儿出生体重、新生儿机械通气可能是新生儿眼底病变发生的影响因素(均P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析得出,胎龄为早产儿[OR(95%CI):0.752(1.392~3.304)]、分娩方式为顺产[OR(95%CI):0.558(1.151~2.880)]、新生儿出生体重≤2000 g[OR(95%CI):0.945(1.633~3.812)]、新生儿有机械通气[OR(95%CI):0.659(1.190~3.005)]是新生儿眼底病变发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论安徽省阜阳市地区新生儿眼底病变检出率较高,以视网膜出血、早产儿视网膜病变为主,胎龄、分娩方式、新生儿出生体重、机械通气是新生儿眼底病变发生的独立危险因素。Objective To investigate the epidemiological status of neonatal fundus lesions in Fuyang,Anhui province.Methods It was a cross-sectional study.A total of 20156 newborns born in Fuyang,Anhui province from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected.The digital wide-field retinal imaging system RetCam3 was used to examine the ocular fundus of all newborns,and the basic data of gender,gestational age and other basic information of all newborns were collected.The risk factors of neonatal fundus lesions were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 3064 of 20156 newborns had fundus lesions,the detection rate was 15.20%.There were 1794 cases of retinal hemorrhage,the detection rate was 8.90%.There were 675 cases of premature retinopathy,the detection rate was 3.35%.The detection rate of periretinal white lesions was 0.93%in 188 cases.Fundus exudation occurred in 143 cases,the detection rate was 0.71%.There were 264 other lesions,the detection rate was 1.31%.Single factor analysis revealed that gestational age,delivery mode,neonatal birth weight and neonatal mechanical ventilation may be the influence factors of neonatal fundus lesions occurring(all P<0.05).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that premature delivery[OR(95%CI):0.752(1.392~3.304)],vaginal delivery[OR(95%CI):0.558(1.151~2.880)],neonatal birth weight≤2000 g[OR(95%CI):0.945(1.633~3.812)]and neonatal mechanical ventilation[(OR(95%CI):0.659(1.190~3.005)]were independent risk factors for the occurrence of neonatal fundus lesions(all P<0.05).Conclusions The detection rate of neonatal retinopathy is high in Fuyang city,Anhui province,with retinal hemorrhage and retinopathy of prematurity as the main types.Gestational age,mode of delivery,birth weight of newborn and mechanical ventilation are independent risk factors for neonatal retinopathy.

关 键 词：眼底筛查 新生儿 眼底病变 流行病学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R722.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]