蜂窝三明治板隔声机理与参数影响规律研究  

Sound insulation mechanism and parameter effect analysis of honeycomb sandwich panels

作　　者：姚丹 张捷[2] 王瑞乾[3] 张玉梅 赵悦 庞杰[1] YAO Dan;ZHANG Jie;WANG Rui-qian;ZHANG Yu-mei;ZHAO Yue;PANG Jie(Aviation Engineering Institute,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,China;State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering/Polymer Research Institute,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;Key Laboratory of Aerodynamic Noise Control,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院航空工程学院,四川广汉618307 [2]四川大学高分子材料工程国家重点实验室/高分子研究所,四川成都610065 [3]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,江苏常州213164 [4]中国空气动力研究与发展中心气动噪声控制重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《振动工程学报》2024年第4期686-695,共10页Journal of Vibration Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52002257);四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2023NSFSC0902,2022NSFSC1897);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(PHD2023-009);气动噪声控制重点实验室研究基金资助项目(ANCL20220202);民航飞行技术与飞行安全重点实验室开放基金资助项目(FZ2022KF01)。

摘　　要：蜂窝三明治板兼具轻量化与优异的力学性能,广泛应用于航空航天等重大装备,但声学性能却是其一大短板。以周期单元模拟蜂窝三明治板,基于Bloch定理和波数有限元法建立无限大蜂窝三明治板的隔声预测模型,结合试验结果验证了模型的准确性。通过在波数域分析蜂窝三明治板的频散特征,揭示了混响声场激励下的结构隔声机理,并探究了几何参数对蜂窝三明治板隔声性能的影响规律。研究表明:临界频率以下,蜂窝三明治板的隔声量主要受质量定律控制;临界频率以上,隔声量还受结构本身特征波影响,当入射声波激发特征波共振时,隔声量随频率波动并产生隔声低谷。厚度变化对隔声性能的影响主要与临界频率以下的隔声量有关,蜂窝三明治板越厚,隔声量越高;芯层高度增大会缩小质量定律控制区,并使第一个隔声低谷向低频偏移,从而导致整体隔声性能减弱,蜂窝三明治板越高,隔声量越低;蜂窝边长变化对蜂窝三明治板的影响较小。Honeycomb sandwich panels are widely used in aerospace and other major equipment because of their light weight and excellent mechanical properties.The acoustic performance,however,is a significant flaw.In this study,a sound insulation prediction model of infinite honeycomb sandwich panel is established based on the Bloch theorem and the wavenumber finite element method.The honeycomb sandwich panel is simulated with a periodic cell.By analysing the dispersion characteristics of the honeycomb sandwich panel in the wavenumber domain,the sound insulation mechanism under the excitation of diffuse sound field is revealed,and the influence of geometrical parameters on the sound insulation performance of the honeycomb sandwich panel is investigated.The results demonstrate that below the critical frequency,the sound insulation of the honeycomb sandwich panel is mainly controlled by the mass law,while above the critical frequency,the sound insulation is also impacted by the structure's own feature wave.When the incident acoustic wave excites the resonance of the feature wave,the sound insulation fluctuates with frequency and generates a sound insulation valley.The effect of thickness variation on the sound insulation performance is primarily related to the amount of sound insulation below the critical frequency,the thicker the honeycomb sandwich panel,the higher the amount of sound insulation;height increase reduces the mass law control zone and shifts the first sound insulation valley to lower frequencies,resulting in a weakening of the overall sound insulation performance.The relevant research results can provide a reference basis for the design of vibration and noise reduction of complex structures.

关 键 词：隔声 蜂窝三明治板 周期结构 BLOCH定理 频散曲线 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理] V214.6[理学—声学]