高空电磁脉冲晚期环境下电力系统效应研究进展  

Research progress on power system effects in late-time high-altitudeelectromagnetic pulses environment

作　　者：刘彤宇 李丽 王亚楠[1] 田逸涵 赵禹洋 王奕欢 何雨桁 孟维 蔡玲珑 马志钦 李兴文[1] 丁卫东[1] Liu Tongyu;Li Li;Wang Ya’nan;Tian Yihan;Zhao Yuyang;Wang Yihuan;He Yuheng;Meng Wei;Cai Linglong;Ma Zhiqin;Li Xingwen;Ding Weidong(State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Electric Power Science Research Institute,Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室,西安710049 [2]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广州510080

出　　处：《强激光与粒子束》2024年第5期130-146,共17页High Power Laser and Particle Beams

基　　金：南方电网公司科技项目(GDKJXM20231021)。

摘　　要：高空电磁脉冲作为一种广域电磁攻击手段,能对电力设备造成较大冲击,甚至造成电力基础设施瘫痪,严重威胁新型电力系统安全。主要聚焦国内外高空电磁脉冲晚期环境下电力系统效应研究进展。首先,分析了高空电磁脉冲晚期环境下地磁扰动产生机理及感应地电场计算方法,建立了极端地磁感应电流的计算模型。其次,归纳了极端地磁感应电流注入情况下电力变压器、互感器、断路器等典型易损设备效应特征与机理。进一步地,分析了高空电磁脉冲晚期环境极下端地磁感应电流模拟注入装置和效应试验方法,总结了美国国防威胁降低局、美国电力研究院项目等相关试验和电力系统效应仿真与评估研究。最后,从高空电磁脉冲晚期环境效应机理、典型设备效应特征、模拟效应试验和系统级效应评估等层面总结了现有研究结论,梳理了下一步发展方向。High-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP),as a wide-area electromagnetic attack method,can have severe impacts on the power equipment and even collapse the power infrastructure,posing significant challenges to the electromagnetic safety of novel power systems.This article focuses on the latest research progress on the power system effects in late-time HEMP environment.Firstly,the mechanism of geomagnetic disturbance generation and the calculation method of induced geomagnetic field are analyzed.The calculation method of geomagnetically induced current(GIC)is provided.Then,the effects and mechanisms of typical primary power equipment,such as power transformers,current transformers,circuit breakers,etc.under extreme GIC conditions are summarized.Next,the extreme GIC injection devices and simulated experiment methods are discussed.And the experimental and simulation results acquired by Defense Threat Reduction Agency(DTRA)and Electric Power Research Institute(EPRI)are also discussed,as well as the power system effects simulation and assessment.Finally,the article summarises the present work,and analyzes the future research from the perspective of effects mechanism,primary power equipment characteristics,simulated experimental methods,and system-level effects assessment.

关 键 词：高空电磁脉冲 地磁感应电流 磁饱和 模拟注入试验 电磁脉冲防护 

分 类 号：TM15[电气工程—电工理论与新技术]