双馈风机对电网频率扰动的动态响应建模与分析  

Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Response to Frequency Disturbance in Power Grid from Doubly-fed Wind Turbine

作　　者：李鲁阳 王方政 陈磊[1] 王罗 闵勇[1] 刘喜泉 LI Luyang;WANG Fangzheng;CHEN Lei;WANG Luo;MIN Yong;LIU Xiquan(Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Science and Technology,China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系,北京市100084 [2]中国长江三峡集团有限公司科学技术研究院,北京市100038

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2024年第9期75-85,共11页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922061);中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(202103383)。

摘　　要：含高比例新能源和高比例电力电子设备的电力系统频率调节能力下降,频率安全问题突出。新能源发电设备利用电力电子接口并网,一般采用最大功率点跟踪控制,被认为不响应系统频率变化。但是,双馈风机通过定子回路与电网直接耦合,会在机电耦合与转子回路解耦控制的共同作用下对频率扰动产生复杂的响应。已有研究注意到该特性,但目前还缺乏准确描述双馈风机频率响应过程的模型和对特性机理的深入分析。为此,提出一种不依赖并网点电压信息、可直接集成于电力系统频率响应模型的双馈风机降阶频率响应模型。利用该模型揭示了双馈风机的频率响应机制为锁相环和外环的级联耦合效应,并证明其频率响应不属于惯量响应的范畴。最后,分析了双馈风机对电力系统频率动态的影响。With the gradual decline in the frequency regulation capability of the power system with a high proportion of renewable energy and a high proportion of power electronic equipment,frequency security issues have gradually become prominent.Power generation equipment with renewable energy is connected to the grid using power electronic interfaces,and is generally controlled by maximum power point tracking,so it is considered not responding to system frequency changes.However,the doubly-fed wind turbine is directly coupled to the grid through the stator electrical circuit,which will produce a complex response to frequency disturbances under the joint action of electromechanical coupling and rotor circuit decoupling control.Existing research has noticed this characteristic,but there is still a lack of a model that accurately describes the frequency response process of doubly-fed wind turbines and an in-depth analysis of the frequency response characteristics and mechanisms.Therefore,this paper proposes a reduced-order frequency response model of doubly-fed wind turbine that does not depend on the grid-connected point voltage information and can be directly integrated into the power system frequency response model.Using this model,it is revealed that the frequency response mechanism of doubly-fed wind turbines is the cascade coupling effect of the phase-locked loop and the outer loop,and it is proven that its frequency response does not belong to the category of inertia response.Finally,the influence of doubly-fed wind turbines on frequency dynamics of the power system is analyzed.

关 键 词：双馈风机 频率响应 新能源 频率安全 惯量响应 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]