聚苯胺基导电复合水凝胶的研究进展  

Research progress of polyaniline-based conductive composite hydrogel

作　　者：张桥[1] 郑新建 李亮[1] ZHANG Qiao;ZHENG Xin-jian;LI Liang(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期32-39,共8页Journal of Jilin Normal University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：湖北省科技人才服务企业项目(2023DJC142)。

摘　　要：在导电聚合物中,聚苯胺因其合成工艺简单、环境稳定性好、导电性可控且具有高导电性和大赝电容等优点被广泛应用为超级电容器的电极材料.同时,其高电荷密度、独特的质子化掺杂为聚苯胺提供了较大的比电容.聚苯胺水凝胶具有连续的导电网络和多孔框架,为离子和电子提供传输通道,是作为传感器的优良材料.由于聚苯胺本身固有的疏水性和机械脆性会使其与水系的水凝胶基质相容性差,影响导电水凝胶的灵敏度和机械性能,单组分聚苯胺水凝胶限制了其在导电柔性聚合物中的应用.本文简述了聚苯胺的结构特征和制备方法,重点综述聚苯胺与碳材料、有机材料以及过渡金属氧化物通过不同方法复合成水凝胶的性能,研究表明通过复合可显著改善其单组分聚苯胺水凝胶力学性能的缺陷,并提升其水凝胶的电化学性能.Among conductive polymers,polyaniline has been studied as a potential candidate for supercapacitors.It is widely used as an electrode material because of its simple synthesis process,good environmental stability,controllable conductivity,high conductivity and large pseudo-capacitance.Its high charge density and the unique protonation doping provides polyaniline with a large specific capacitance.Polyaniline hydrogel has a continuous conductive network and porous framework,which provides transmission channels for ions and electrons,and it is an excellent material for sensors.Due to the inherent hydrophobicity and mechanical brittleness of polyaniline,its compatibility with water-based hydrogel matrix is poor,which affects the sensitivity and mechanical properties of conductive hydrogel.One-component polyaniline hydrogel limits its application in conductive flexible polymers.In this paper,the structural characteristics and preparation of polyaniline were briefly summarized,and the synthesis of hydrogels from polyaniline,carbon materials,organic materials and transition metal oxides by different methods were also emphatically reviewed.By compounding,the defects of mechanical properties of its one-component polyaniline hydrogel were significantly improved,and the electrochemical properties of its hydrogel were improved.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 超级电容器 传感器 复合水凝胶 

分 类 号：TQ427.26[化学工程]