中国古建筑木结构病损分类研究——以贵州增盈鼓楼为例  

Pathological Categorisation of Chinese Historic Timber Structures:A Case Study of Zengying Drum Tower,Guizhou Province

作　　者：王诗若 Wang Shiruo

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑学院,苏州215000

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2023年第4期92-100,共9页Heritage Architecture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0200100);中国博士后科学基金(2021M692352)。

摘　　要：中国古建筑的木结构病损分类是指导病损勘察及干预措施甄选的重要理论依据。中国现有的木材及木结构标准,不足以全面描述古建筑木结构病损类型,因而造成病损分类模糊的问题,直接影响干预手段的决策与实施。文章以侗族鼓楼木结构为例,对中国古建筑木结构病损分类体系的重构进行探讨,参考相关国际规范,采用全面、清晰的分类方法,根据不同的影响因素将古建筑木结构病损划分为材料病损和结构破损两类,并将影响因素分为环境因素、生长因素、生物因素与机械因素。最后以增盈鼓楼为勘察样本,对其木结构病损类型及现存问题进行实录。Pathological categorisation for Chinese historic timber structures is the crucial foundation for pathological investigations and decisions for interventions.The existing standards and codes for timber materials and structures in China are insufficient for a comprehensive description of pathologies in historic timber structures.This leads to ambiguous pathological categorisation and complicates the decision-making process and implementation of interventions.This article studies the case of the drum towers of the Dong people to reconstruct the pathological categorisation system for Chinese historic timber structures.It refers to relevant international standards and establishes a comprehensive and straightforward system for categorisation.This categorisation system divides the pathologies of historic timber structures into material and structural categories,and further categorises the influencing factors into environmental factors,growing factors,biological factors,and mechanical factors.Finally,the article focuses on a typical case of Zengying Drum Tower,applying the proposed pathological categorisation system to investigate and explore the pathologies and existing issues in its timber structure.

关 键 词：古建筑木结构 规范 病损分类 增盈鼓楼 

分 类 号：TU366.2[建筑科学—结构工程] TU253[艺术—艺术设计] TU-87