太湖流域风土研究与设计的住宅视角:以常熟为例  

Dwelling within Vernacular Study and Design in the Taihu Lake Basin:A Case of Changshu,Jiangsu Province

作　　者：江嘉玮 陆少波 Jiang Jiawei;Lu Shaobo

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092 [2]上海交通大学设计学院,上海200240

出　　处：《建筑遗产》2023年第4期102-113,共12页Heritage Architecture

摘　　要：文章以对谈的形式讨论了与太湖流域及常熟风土相关的议题,包括:(1)常熟在太湖流域的历史地理变迁中的共相和殊相,涉及高乡和低乡的地形地貌与经济作物的关系,以及从常熟风土调研中得到的启示;(2)常熟自明清以来的历史人文传统对当地文化的保存及对更大范围政治经济活动的影响;(3)江南水乡住宅里的灶间民俗及其艺术表现;(4)作为建筑师基于风土调研的成果,老家自宅灶间和院子翻新改造项目“灶间之家”对常熟风土研究的意义和启发;(5)对日本建筑及文化界的“风土”研究的简要梳理。文章依循一条从历史地理、村落肌理和类型调研、民俗调研到自宅改造的线索,探索一种植根于风土研究的家乡建筑学实践。This article is organised in a dialogic format,discussing various issues relevant to the vernacular study of the Taihu Lake Basin and Changshu,Jiangsu Province.It covers the following topics:(1)The common and distinctive characteristics of Changshu in the historical and geographic evolution of the Taihu Lake Basin,including the interactions between topography and economic crops of the‘highlands’and‘lowlands’,and the inspirations drawn from the vernacular field investigations in Changshu;(2)Changshu’s historic and humanistic traditions since the Ming and Qing dynasties(1368–1911),and their contribution to the conservation of local culture and impact on broader economic and political activities;(3)The folk customs and artistic representations of zaojian(kitchen)in dwellings in Jiangnan water towns(water towns native to the region immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River);(4)The insights from the renovation of the zaojian and courtyard in the‘House of Zaojian’project and its meaning for the vernacular studies of Changshu;and(5)A brief review of the fūdo(lit.wind and earth,is a Japanese word equivalent to‘vernacular’[fengtu]in Chinese)studies in Japanese architecture and cultural circles.The article follows a trajectory from historical geography,village fabrics and typological analysis,folklore studies,to the renovation of the architect’s own house,and explores the practice of Heimatarchitektur(a German concept emphasising the influence of homeland on the style of architecture)rooted in vernacular studies.

关 键 词：风土建筑 家乡 住宅 地形学 灶间之家 民俗研究 

分 类 号：TU746.3[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TU241.4