‘川西’虉草栽培驯化选育报告  

Report on domestication and breeding of Phalaris arundinacea ‘Chuanxi’

作　　者：季晓菲[1] 闫利军[1] 陈莉敏[1] 李达旭[1] 游明鸿[1] 雷雄[1] 周靖文 罗国清 张建波[1] JI Xiaofei;YAN Lijun;CHEN Limin;LI Daxu;YOU Minghong;LEI Xiong;ZHOU Jingwen;LUO Guoqing;ZHANG Jianbo(Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences,Hongyuan 624400,China;Butuo County Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Butuo 616300,China;Liangshan semi-fine Wool Sheep Breeding Farm,Butuo 616300,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省草原科学研究院,四川红原624400 [2]布拖县林业和草原局,四川布拖616300 [3]凉山半细毛羊原种场,四川布拖616300

出　　处：《草学》2024年第2期8-12,共5页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：四川省科技支撑项目(2022YFN0035);四川省林草科技创新团队(CXTD2023005);四川省“十四五”饲草育种攻关(2021YFYZ0013);国家牧草产业技术体系阿坝综合试验站(CARS-34);四川省饲草创新团队(SCCXTD-2020-16)项目共同资助。

摘　　要：针对用于湿地治理的生态修复草种匮乏的现状,选育团队自2007年开始采集具有耐水淹和抗寒特性的野生虉草资源并进行种植评价,经过3代农艺性状及抗逆性筛选,最终选出物候期一致、性状稳定的‘川西’虉草新品系。2016—2018年开展品比试验,2019—2021年开展草品种区域试验和生产试验,2022年通过国家林业和草原局草品种审定委员会审定登记为‘川西’虉草(品种编号:国S-WDV-PA-006-2022)。该品种根系发达、修复效率高、耐水淹性能好、耐寒性强、叶量丰富,修复效率为318d,分别比原始群体和‘川草引3号’虉草少12d和27d,水淹胁迫20d,成活率为100%;平均干草产量17168 kg/hm^(2),比对照‘川草引3号’虉草提高11.9%;粗蛋白含量在初花期为11.8%,比对照‘川草引3号’虉草高2个百分点。因此,‘川西’虉草是一种优良的生态修复和饲草兼用型新品种,主要用于川西高原及西南地区退化湿地、退化草地生态修复,也可用于高产人工草地建植。In response to the scarcity of grass species for ecological restoration in wetland management,we initiated the collection and evaluation of wild reed grass resources with waterlogging tolerance and cold resistance characteristics since 2007.After three generations of selection based on agronomic traits and stress resistance,a new Chuanxi reed grass variety with consistent phenology and stable characteristics was finally selected.Comparative trials were conducted from 2016 to 2018,followed by regional and production trials from 2019 to 2021.In 2022,the variety was officially registered and approved by the National Forestry and Grassland Administration Variety Approval Committee as Phalaris arundinacea ‘Chuanxi'(Variety Code:National S-WDV-PA-006-2022).This variety exhibits a well-developed root system,high restoration efficiency,good waterlogging tolerance,strong cold resistance,and abundant leaf production.Its restoration efficiency is 318 days,which is 12 days and 27 days less than the original population and Phalaris arundinacea L.‘Chuancaoyin No.3',respectively.The survival rate under 20 days of waterlogging stress is 100%.The average dry hay yield is 17,168 kg/ha,representing an increase of 11.9% compared to the control variety ‘Chuancaoyin No.3'.The crude protein content during the early flowering stage is 11.8%,which is 2 percentage points higher than the control variety ‘Chuancaoyin No.3'.In conclusion,Phalaris arundinacea ‘Chuanxi' is an excellent new variety suitable for ecological restoration and forage use.It is primarily used for the ecological restoration of degraded wetlands and grasslands in the west Sichuan Plateau and southwestern regions,and can also be used for establishing high-yield artificial grasslands.

关 键 词：‘川西’虉草 野生驯化 品种选育 

分 类 号：S543.022[农业科学—作物学]