中西医结合嗅觉障碍诊断和治疗专家共识  

Expert consensus on the integrative approach to the diagnosis and treatment of olfactory dysfunction

作　　者：中国中西医结合学会耳鼻咽喉科专业委员会 上海市中西医结合学会耳鼻咽喉科专业委员会 余洪猛 顾瑜蓉 杭伟[3] 黄新生[4] 黄昱 姜彦[6] 李吉平[7] 李艳青 刘锋[8] 刘环海 刘蓬[10] 刘全 刘琢扶 赖玉婷 娄鸿飞 卢永田[11] 吕威 邱前辉 瞿申红[14] 史丽[15] 时文杰 宋西成[17] 孙希才 唐旭霞[18] 王德生[19] 王欢 王丽 汪银凤 王振霖[21] 王宗贵[22] 许昱[23] 薛涛 杨婧艺 杨玉成[25] 叶菁[26] 余少卿[27] 张立强[28] 张华[29] 张剑宁[30] 赵长青[31] 朱冬冬[32] Otorhinolaryngology society of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine;Otorhinolaryngology society of Shanghai Association of Integrative Medicine;YU Hongmeng;GU Yurong;HANG Wei;HUANG Xinsheng;HUANG Yu;JIANG Yan;LI Jingping;LI Yanqing;LIU Feng;LIU Huanhai;LIU Peng;LIU Quan;LIU Zhuofu;LAI Yuting;LOU Hongfei;LU Yongtian;LY Wei;QIU Qianhui;QU Shenhong;SHI Li;SHI Wenjie;SONG Xicheng;SUN Xicai;TANG Xuxia;WANG Desheng;WANG Huan;WANG Li;WANG Yinfeng;WANG Zhenlin;WANG Zonggui;XU Yu;XUE Tao;YANG Jingyi;YANG Yucheng;YE Jing;YU Shaoqing;ZHANG Liqiang;ZHANG Hua;ZHANG Jianning;ZHAO Changqing;ZHU Dongdong(不详;Research Units of New Technologies of Endoscopic Surgery in Skull Base Tumor,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2018RU003),Shanghai 200031,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海 [3]天津市环湖医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [4]复旦大学附属中山医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [5]复旦大学附属华东医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海 [6]青岛大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,青岛 [7]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院耳鼻咽喉科,上海 [8]四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,成都 [9]上海长征医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海 [10]广州中医药大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广州 [11]深圳市第二人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,深圳 [12]中国医学科学院北京协和医院耳鼻咽喉科,北京 [13]南方医科大学附属广东省人民医院(广东省医学科学院)耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广州 [14]广西壮族自治区人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,南宁 [15]山东大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,济南 [16]海口市人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [17]青岛大学附属烟台毓璜顶医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,烟台 [18]浙江省中医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,杭州 [19]福建医科大学附属协和医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,福州 [20]中国科学技术大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,合肥 [21]首都医科大学宣武医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,北京 [22]吉林大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,长春 [23]武汉大学人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,武汉 [24]空军军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,西安 [25]重庆医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,重庆 [26]南昌大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉头颈外科,南昌 [27]同济大学附属同济医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,上海 [28]山东大学齐鲁医院耳鼻喉科头颈外科,济南 [29]新疆医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻喉科,乌鲁木齐 [30]上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院耳鼻咽喉科,上海 [31]山西医科大学第二医院耳鼻喉科头颈外科,太原 [32]吉林大学中日联谊医院耳鼻喉科头颈外

出　　处：《中国中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科杂志》2024年第2期81-100,共20页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology in Integrative Medicine

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(No.2019-I2M-5-003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.81970856,82371123);上海市科学技术委员会科技创新行动计划基础研究项目(No.21JC1401100)。

摘　　要：嗅觉在人们生活的多个方面发挥重要的作用,包括营养健康、日常安全、人际交往等。觉障碍是患者对气味感知异常。嗅觉通路出现器质性或/和功能性病变,导致对气味的觉察、传导和中枢整合信息异常。嗅觉与神经系统障碍之间存在广泛联系。焦虑、抑郁及其他负面情绪均与嗅觉降低相关。嗅觉障碍诊疗在各研究领域都有长足进展,特别是中西医结合治疗模式,是我国耳鼻喉科治疗嗅觉障碍的特色及优势。但中西医结合诊疗觉障碍仍缺少高水平的循证医学证据,且如何规范化使用中西医结合治疗尚无统一的规范,基于此,我们组织了全国在嗅觉障碍诊疗中具有丰富经验的中医和西医的专家,针对嗅觉障碍相关的各个方面制定了中西医结合嗅觉障碍诊断和治疗专家共识。以供临床医生采用中西医结合方案诊疗嗅觉障碍时参考。Ofactory plays a significant role in various aspects of human life,including nutritional health,everyday safety,and social interactions.Olfactory dysfunction refers to an abnormal perception of odors by patients.This can be due to organic and/or functional lesions in the olfactory pathway,leading to abnormalities in odor detection,transmission,and central integration of information.There is a broad connection between olfactory impairment and neurological disorders.Anxiety,depression,and other negative emotional states are associated with a reduced sense of smell.The diagnosis and treatment of olfactory disorders have made considerable progress across various research fields,especially the integrative treatment approach combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,which is a distinctive feature and strength of the otolaryngology field in China.However,the integrative approach to diagnosing and treating olfactory disorders stil lacks high-level evidence from evidence-based medicine,and there is no unified standard for the standardized use of this integrative treatment.In light of this,we have organized experts in traditional Chinese and Western medicine with extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of olfactory disorders from across the nation to develop a consensus on the integrative approach to the diagnosis and treatment of olfactory disorders.This consensus is intended to serve as a reference for clinicians when adopting integrative Chinese and Western medical treatments for olfactory disorders.

关 键 词：嗅觉 中医 西医 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R765.63[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]