生态文明建设背景下野生动物资源刑法保护检视及优化路径  

Review and Optimization Path of Criminal Protection System of Wildlife Resources under the Background of Ecological Civilization Construction

作　　者：陈卓 CHEN Zhuo(Faculty of Law of Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao,999078,China)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学法学院,中国澳门999078

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2024年第2期387-398,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：完善的野生动物资源刑事保护是生态文明建设的重要组成部分,2022年《野生动物保护法》修订法律责任条款后,刑法与该法的衔接产生了问题,尤其是在规制非法向境外提供野生动物遗传资源和防范外来物种方面存在疏漏,已有罪名在适用过程中也存在调整范围重合、违法与犯罪边界模糊等问题。通过运用规范研究方法和案例分析方法,对当前刑事立法及司法适用情况进行分析。在立法层面,激活附属刑法立法模式能从根源上解决刑法与其他部门法的衔接困境,短期内可通过修订罪名规定、增设入罪情形等方式合理调整刑法保护范围;在司法层面,调整司法解释对非法狩猎罪等罪名的入罪标准,同时优化现有定罪机制能实现刑事保护与人权保障的平衡。Perfect criminal protection of wildlife resources is an important part of ecological civilization construction,and after the revision of the legal liability clause of the Wildlife Protection Law in 2022,problems have arisen in the connection between the criminal law and the law.In particular,there are omissions in the regulation of illegal provision of wild animal genetic resources abroad and prevention of exotic species.In the application process of existing crimes,there are also problems such as overlapping adjustment scope and blurring the boundary between illegal and crime.Through the use of normative research methods and case analysis methods,the current criminal legislation and judicial application are analyzed.At the legislative level,activating the subordinate criminal law legislative model can solve the dilemma of linking criminal law with other departmental laws from the root,and reasonably adjust the scope of criminal law protection by amending the criminal provisions and adding criminal circumstances in the short term.At the judicial level,adjusting the standards for criminalization of crimes such as illegal hunting in judicial interpretations,and optimizing the existing conviction mechanism can achieve a balance between criminal protection and human rights protection.

关 键 词：生态文明建设 法秩序统一性 集体法益 立法模式 定罪机制 

分 类 号：D924.36[政治法律—刑法学]