欧盟经济安全战略及对华影响解析:从“开放性战略自主”到全面“去风险”  

Analysis of the EU's Economic Security Strategy and its Impact on China:From“Open Strategic Autonomy”to Comprehensive“De-risking”

作　　者：孙彦红[1] Sun Yanhong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院欧洲研究所欧洲经济研究室

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2024年第2期21-43,161,共24页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“近年来欧盟工业结构与产业链布局变化趋势及影响研究”(23BGJ020)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：欧盟于2023年6月发布了首份经济安全战略,引发国际社会广泛关注。本文较为全面系统地梳理与剖析了该战略,包括其出台背景、政策架构、与之相关的欧盟经济政策理念转变、其落实前景及影响等。总体而言,在新冠疫情、乌克兰危机全面升级、新产业革命兴起、美国对华战略竞争等因素的叠加影响下,当前欧盟深陷风险与竞争力焦虑之中。经济安全战略的出台标志着欧盟内外经济政策的底层逻辑正在由“效率至上”转为“效率与安全并重”,在某些领域甚至是“安全至上”。该战略遵循“识别风险—去风险”的思路设计了一套政策架构,体现了欧盟由提出“开放性战略自主”到提出全面“去风险”的过程中其内部主流经济政策理念的变化。当前欧盟正加快推进经济安全战略,但从多方面看,其落实前景及效果存在较大不确定性,甚至会因“去风险”而引发“新风险”。虽然该战略带有明显的针对中国的意味,但是加强对话与合作仍为中欧双方共识,而且具有重要的全球意义。The European Commission released its first ever European Economic Security Strategy in June 2023,which has attracted extensive attention from the international community.This paper comprehensively and systematically analyzes this framework,including its background,policy structure,related conceptual changes in the EU's economic policy,the prospects for its implementation and its impact.Generally speaking,the European Union is now in the midst of risk and competitiveness anxiety under the combined influence of the COVID-19 epidemic,the overall escalation of the Ukrainian crisis,the emergence of the new industrial revolution,and the U.S.strategic competition with China,etc.The launching of the Economic Security Strategy marks the change of the underlying logic of the EU's internal and external economic policies"efficiency first"to"efficiency and security",and even"security first"in some areas.The strategy follows the idea of"identifying risks-de-risking"in designing a set of policy frameworks,reflecting the change of the EU's internal mainstream economic policy concepts from"open strategic autonomy"to"de-risking".The EU is now accelerating its economic security strategy,but from various perspectives,there is a great deal of uncertainty about its prospects for implementation and effectiveness,and even"new risks"arising from"de-risking".Although the strategy is clearly aimed at China,enhancing dialogue and cooperation is still a consensus between China and the EU,furthermore,it also assumes global significance.

关 键 词：欧盟 经济安全战略 “去风险” 经济干预主义 中欧经贸关系 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]