全球价值链背景下的产业发展政策——以东亚地区电子产业为例  

Industrial Development Policies in the Context of Global Value Chains The Case of Electronics Industry in East Asia

作　　者：秦北辰 石有为 Qin Bcichcn;Shi Youwei(Institute of International and Area Studies of Tsinghua University;Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies of Peking University)

机构地区：[1]清华大学国际与地区研究院 [2]北京大学前沿交叉学科研究院

出　　处：《当代亚太》2024年第1期132-160,164,共30页Journal of Contemporary Asia-Pacific Studies

基　　金：清华大学国际与地区研究院研究课题“东南亚产业发展与价值链重构研究”(项目编号:2023010313)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：政府主导的工业化曾是部分东亚经济体实现经济赶超的重要途径,但在全球价值链带来的变化之下,类似的产业政策是否仍然适用却并无共识。现有文献尚未将经典产业政策研究与全球价值链现实系统地结合起来,而阻碍这种结合的关键是无法适应全球分工格局的传统产业政策分类框架。文章建立了一个新的产业政策分类框架,据此讨论了韩国、台湾地区和新加坡曾采用的产业政策在全球价值链背景下的重要性与可行性,进而以较早出现深度国际分工的东亚电子产业为例对假设进行验证。结果显示,在全球价值链时代,上述经济体赖以成功的自主式政策(利用外来投资与国际市场增强本土竞争力)仍是后发国家产业持续发展的前提条件;然而,随着跨国企业转移技术的激励大为下降而设置壁垒的能力显著上升,自主式政策需要更大规模、更长视角的资源投入才有可能成功。展望未来,数字技术与大国竞争带来了新的挑战,而中国有潜力成为后发国家产业发展的助力者。State-led industrialization used to be an important way for some East Asian economies to achieve economic catch-up,but there is still no consensus on whether“East Asian-style”industrial policies are still applicable under the changes brought about by the global value chain.Based on the new classification framework,this paper discusses the importance and feasibility of the industrial policies adopted by South Korea,Taiwan,and Singapore in the context of the global value chain,and then uses the East Asian electronics industry,which has a deep international division of labor earlier,as an example to verify the conclusion.The results show that in the era of global value chains,the independent policies(using foreign investment and international markets to enhance local competitiveness)that have been successful in the three places are still a prerequisite for the sustainable development of industries in late-developing countries(“still important”);however,With the incentives for multinational corporations to transfer technology greatly reduced and the ability to set up barriers increased significantly,autonomous policies require a larger and longer-term perspective of resource investment to be successful(“but harder”).Looking into the future,digital technology and the competition of major powers have brought new challenges,and China has the potential to become a booster for the industrial development of late-developing countries.

关 键 词：产业发展 全球价值链 电子产业 东南亚经济 

分 类 号：F416.6[经济管理—产业经济]